1. OCEAN ZONES
Chapter 13 Section 2
Ocean Zones
Chapter 13 Section 3

2. Benthic Environment- on the bottom from shore to deep ocean
Intertidal Zone-
where the ocean meets the land
Sublittoral Zone-
covers the continental shelf
Bathyl Zone-
zone that covers the continental slope
Abyssal Zone-
largest zone, meters deep
Hadal Zone-
6000 meters to the deepest ocean trench

3. Intertidal zone Shoreline, in the tide
Animals adapted to water and dry land
Receives the most sunlight
Clams, mussels, starfish, crabs, shrimp, anemones, sponges

4. Sublittoral Zone Covers the continental shelf
Sunlight, pressure and temperature constant
Coral

6. Bathyl Zone Edge of continental shelf, along slope, to abyssal plain
200 to 4000 meters
Little sunlight
Sponges, octopus, sea stars

8. Abyssal Zone No plants and very few animals Largest ecological zone
Can reach 4000 meters
Crabs, sponges, worms and sea cucumbers, anglerfish
Many animals live around hot water vents called black smokers

10. Black Smokers

11. Hadal Zone Deepest zone 6000-7000 meters deep Sponge, clam and worms
Fewest amount of animals

12. The Pelagic Environment- water in the ocean
Neritic zone-water that covers the continental shelf
Oceanic zone-rest of water in the ocean

13. Neritic Zone Warm,shallow Much sunlight
Most marine organisms, plants and animals
Fish, plankton, mammals
Whales, dolphins

14. Oceanic Zone Covers the ocean floor beyond the continental shelf
Deep regions very cold, no sunlight
Fewer organisms
Pressure greater

15. 3 Groups of Marine Life
Plankton
Nekton
Benthos

16. Plankton Plankton are tiny open-water plants, animals or bacteria.
These organisms range in size from microscopic bacteria and plants to larger animals, such as jellyfish.
Plankton generally have limited or no swimming ability and are transported through the water by currents and tides.
Plankton communities serve as a base for the food chain.

17. Nekton Animals that swim or move freely in the ocean are nekton.
Nekton come in all shapes and sizes.
They live in shallow and deep ocean waters.
Most nekton eat zooplankton, other nektons or they scavenge for waste

18. Benthos
The benthos live on the ocean floor. Starfish, oysters, clams, sea cucumbers, brittlestars and anemone are all benthos.
Most benthos feed on food as it floats by or scavenge for food on the ocean floor.