Roanoke Island, Jamestown & Plymouth Rock

Roanoke Island (Lost Colony) In 1585, Sir Walter Raleigh asked Queen Elizabeth of England if he could lead a group of people to begin a colony in the USA. Queen Elizabeth gave Raleigh a charter (a document that allowed colonists to live on land owned by their country.)

Roanoke Colony – Attempt #1 1585, 100 men were sent to colonize Roanoke Colony Things were so rough during the winter, they returned to England. All but 15 men went back to England on a ship. You are here

Roanoke Colony – Attempt #2 1587, Raleigh sends another group of settlers 91 men, 17 women, and 9 children Led by John White

Roanoke Island (2nd Time) The 15 men that had stayed behind the 1st time had been killed by then. John White was the colony’s governor. This time, the colonist brought their wives and children. John White’s granddaughter, Virginia Dare, was born 1 month after they arrived in the USA on August 18 the first English baby born in the USA.

PROBLEMS in the colony It was not going well in Roanoke. The colonists could not grow food well on this land, so they sent John White back to England for seeds and supplies.

Ending the Good Relations with the Native Americans Because the first 15 men had been killed by Native Americans, John White decided that they should pay the Native Americans back. He ordered his men to attack the the Powhatans since supposedly, they were the ones who had killed the 15 men. However, they instead attacked the Croatoans. Native Americans who had been their friends and helped them. After the battle, the Croatoans were enemies. This forced John White to have to go back to England for more food and supplies.

So………… White leaves his family and goes to England. He gets stuck there for three years because all the English ships are fighting in this war with the…………………..

Spanish Armada In 1588, King Philip II decided to attack England. The English defeated the all powerful Spanish Armada because they had quicker ships and a violent storm helped destroy the Spanish ships.

White Returns… 3 years later, White returns to Roanoke Colony was deserted of all inhabitants The only clue was the word “Croatoan” carved on a gatepost

And they were never seen again… What do you think happened to them? Did they blend with the Native Americans? Did they all die? Did they move?

Roanoke The English settlement of Roanoke is an example of NOT ADAPTING to physical environments. They were not prepared to live in the new climate and may have fought with the Natives. This colony WAS LOST and still we do not know what happened to all the people It was the first ATTEMPT at a colony, but everyone disappeared…  

About 16 years later…….

Jamestown Colony In 1606, King James I gave a charter to the Virginia Company of London to make a colony in Virginia. Christopher Newport led the three ships, Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery to Jamestown. Susan Constant Discovery Godspeed

Jamestown On May 14, 1607, the settlers began building the first English permanent settlement on the James River in Virginia. Jamestown was named after the King James I and Virginia was named after the Virgin Queen of England.

Reasons for Jamestown Difficulties Not educated in how to plant food in Virginia-they wanted to find GOLD instead. It was swampy. The water was not good for drinking and the insects carried disease. Not enough people in the Jamestown settlement, especially hard working people. Native American Battles They had trouble adapting to the environment.

Powhatan Native Americans The Powhatan Native Americans were in control of almost all of Virginia (Eastern Woodland Area). Most of the Powhatan farmed, hunted and fished. They lived in yehakin lodges built by the women.

John Smith John Smith took over as the leader of the colony. People were starving because there was not enough food, so he said, “He who does not work, will not eat.” He was saved by Pocahontas, a Powhatan Native American. Smith was a hard leader, but his leadership is what kept the colony alive.

John Rolfe How did the colonists adapt to the environment? He figured out that Virginia was good for growing tobacco. They grew tobacco and got rich trading and selling it. Tobacco became the colony’s cash crop. He married Pocahontas, which brought peace between the settlers and the Powhatans His leadership made Jamestown a success. How did the colonists adapt to the environment?

JAMESTOWN-LET’S REVIEW showed how Europeans adapted the farming they did to the environment by growing _____TOBACCO___________________ as a _CASH CROP_________ to trade. first successful colony in the New World-1607 Colonist struggled because they did not plant food that grew in the area. They also spent too much time looking for gold, so they were unprepared for the winter.

Another colony formed for a different reason

Plymouth Colony The King of England, Henry VIII rebelled against the Catholic Church and started his own Church called the Church of England. These people became known as Protestants. In 1620, Pilgrims decided to take the Mayflower and settle in the USA to gain religious freedom.

Pilgrims at Plymouth William Bradford was the leader of the colony. They came to the New World for religious freedom.

PLYMOUTH Pilgrims(people looking for ________RELIGIOUS FREEDOM) came to the New World on the Mayflower. They were called Protestants because they “protested” the Catholic Church. They found this colony in 1620 in the New World to find _________RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

Native Americans of New England The Native Americans had a sachem or leader. Squanto and Samoset helped the Pilgrims survive the first hard years. The Pilgrims and Natives worked together.

Thanksgiving October 1621, The Pilgrims invited the Native Americans to a 3 day feast to thank them for helping them make it through a difficult year. The first national Thanksgiving was in 1777 for the 13 colonies. George Washington proclaimed a National Day of Thanksgiving in 1789.

British settlers More colonists would arrive, not for religious freedom, but to make money. They traded furs, and sold goods in the New World. Reasons for coming to the New World went from exploring, then to religious freedom, and then to making money. VIDEO-22minuteshttp://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=B41968CD-0291-406E-8E20-3554695DEF06&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US