1 Pertemuan 24 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Matakuliah: M0084/Sistem Informasi dalam Manajemen Tahun: 2005 Versi: 1/1

2 Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Mahasiswa dapat Menguraikan pentingnya menjaga pengetahuan yang dimiliki perusahaan (C2) Mahasiswa dapat Menghubungkan beberapa metode baik secara kultur maupun sistem dalam menata pengetahuan perusahaan (C4)

3 Outline Materi Knowledge Management in the organization Information and knowledge work system

4 SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL The development of information systems requires certain knowledge and skills It is possible to identify not only the types of knowledge and skill needed by information specialists and users, but also how users can be divided into general management and their staff Table 4.1 identifies the types of knowledge needed and whether they are of major, intermediate, or minor importance In the same way, we can identify different types of skills and their relative importance (Table 4.2)

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7 Knowledge Management This knowledge relates to the firm's processes, technology, management, and interactions with its environmental elements Firms are embarking on projects to develop knowledge management systems for the purpose of achieving a competitive advantage Firms typically regard KM as another type of system to be developed as an IS that gathers knowledge, stores it and makes it available to users Table 4.3 lists the challenges that must be faced by firms in developing KM systems

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9 A Successful KM Development Project at Nortel Networks Nortel Networks (using knowledge management software from Excalibur Technologies) credits its pilot KM project with enabling its transformation from a technology-focused company to one that is opportunity/customer-focused The old new product development system illustrated in Figure 4.10 consisted of a five-phase process The new project involved an NPD system that enabled Nortel to: –leverage multidisciplinary NPD knowledge assets; –improve NPD decision making; and –facilitate learning and knowledge exchange

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1.12 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Organizational learning Creation of new standard operating procedures and business processesCreation of new standard operating procedures and business processes Knowledge management Set of processesSet of processes Creates, gathers, stores, maintains, and disseminates knowledgeCreates, gathers, stores, maintains, and disseminates knowledge KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management

1.13 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO) Senior executive in charge of organization’s knowledge management programSenior executive in charge of organization’s knowledge management program KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management

1.14 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Tacit Knowledge Expertise and experience not formally documentedExpertise and experience not formally documented Best Practices Successful solutions or problem-solving methods developed by specific organization or industrySuccessful solutions or problem-solving methods developed by specific organization or industry KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.15 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Organizational Memory Stored learning from organization’s historyStored learning from organization’s history Used for decision making and other purposesUsed for decision making and other purposes KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management

1.16 © 2003 by Prentice Hall IT Infrastructure for Knowledge Management KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-1

1.17 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Consists of creating or processing informationConsists of creating or processing information Divided into knowledge workers and data workersDivided into knowledge workers and data workers INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Information Work

1.18 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Office systems Manage and coordinate work of data and knowledge workersManage and coordinate work of data and knowledge workers Connect work of local information workers with all levels and functions of organizationConnect work of local information workers with all levels and functions of organization Connect organization to external worldConnect organization to external world Example: Word processing, voice mail, and imagingExample: Word processing, voice mail, and imaging INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Distributing Knowledge: Office and Document Management Systems Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.19 © 2003 by Prentice Hall INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS The Three Major Roles of Offices Figure 10-2 Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.20 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Document imaging systems Convert documents and images into digital formConvert documents and images into digital form Can be stored and accessed by the computerCan be stored and accessed by the computerJukebox Device for storing and retrieving many optical disksDevice for storing and retrieving many optical disks Typical Office Systems INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.21 © 2003 by Prentice Hall INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Components of an Imaging System Figure 10-3 Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.22 © 2003 by Prentice Hall INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Web Publishing and Document Management Figure 10-4 Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.23 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) Information systemInformation system Aid knowledge workers in creation and integration of new knowledgeAid knowledge workers in creation and integration of new knowledge Creating Knowledge: Knowledge Work Systems INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.24 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Changes in the Construction Project Management Process INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-5

1.25 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Specialized toolsSpecialized tools User-friendly interfaceUser-friendly interface Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.26 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-6

1.27 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Computer-aided design (CAD)Computer-aided design (CAD) Virtual reality systemsVirtual reality systems Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) Investment workstationsInvestment workstations Examples of Knowledge Work Systems INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.28 © 2003 by Prentice Hall GroupwareGroupware Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge EnvironmentsIntranets and Enterprise Knowledge Environments Enterprise information portalsEnterprise information portals TeamwareTeamware Sharing Knowledge: Group Collaboration Systems and Enterprise Knowledge Environments INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.29 © 2003 by Prentice Hall An Enterprise Information Portal INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-7

1.30 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Effort to develop computer-based systems that behave as humansEffort to develop computer-based systems that behave as humans ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm What is Artificial Intelligence?

1.31 © 2003 by Prentice Hall Artificial Intelligence:Artificial Intelligence: –Stores information in active form –Creates mechanism not subjected to human feelings –Eliminates routine and unsatisfying jobs –Enhances organization’s knowledge base –Generates solution to specific problems Why Business is Interested in Artificial Intelligence Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

1.32 © 2003 by Prentice Hall The Artificial Intelligence Family Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Figure 10-8

33 End of Session 24