Utilizing green gas to its full potential Biogas upgrading with the DMT-Carborex®-MS system Utilizing green gas to its full potential Using high selective membranes R. Lems M.Sc. , R&D Manager DMT Environmental Technology Rlems@dmt-et.nl

Why biogas upgrading? Digester CHP Power 40% Heat 60% Biogas Gas treatment (desulphurisation) CHP Power 40% Heat 60% Digester Gas Treatment (upgrading) Green gas (CBG: Compressed BioGas) Biogas Mobility Natural gas grid

Choice for biogas upgrading? Large Scale >500Nm3/hr PWS: Pressurized Water Scrubbing Low investment and operational cost Low methane slip 0.8 % High energy efficiency >96% Proven technology Robust system Flexible system No chemicals

Choice for biogas upgrading? Small scale <750Nm3/hr MS: Membrane separation Lowest investment and operational cost Lowest methane slip <0,5% Highest energy efficiency >98% Highest operational up time Plug & play configuration Compact Simple on/off No chemicals and/ or water

Availability and OPEX

Membrane separation CO2 Biogas CH4

Membrane life time

100/100 60/98 10/93 40/2 5% slip 50/5 10% slip

Multi stage

Membrane Cascade for upgrading Competing membranes High Selective membranes Biogas: CH4 (53,3%) CO2 (46%) H2O (0,1%) N2 (0,5%) O2 (0,1%) Mixer Recycle Stream Membrane Cascade for upgrading Biomethane CH4 > 97% OFF Gas < 0.5% CH4

10-16 bar

Utilisation of Biogas

Utilisation of Biogas

Biogas upgrading with high selective membranes is the way to go. Conclusions Biogas upgrading with high selective membranes is the way to go. Lowest CAPEX and OPEX Lowest methane slip <0,2% Highest energy efficiency >98% Highest operational up time - 0-100% flow flexibility

“Biogas upgrading with the DMT-Carborex®-MS system” Utilizing green gas to the full potential R. Lems M.Sc. , R&D Manager DMT Environmental Technology Rlems@dmt-et.nl

Electric and thermal power consumption

Case 580 Nm3/hr, 54% CH4, 500ppm H2S 97% CH4 CBG, <0,5% CH4 emissions 12y at 7%, 0,07euro/kWh CBG for 0,73 euro Nm3 MS PWS PSA Availability 98% 96% 94% Methane slip 0,5% 1% 3% General literature values from users and suppliers. No guarantee values

348.283 434.641 548.419 MS PWS PSA Investment (upgrading) 1.040.000 1.100.000 1.250.000 € Investment (constr.) 30.000 55.000 80.000 Investment (off gas) - 250.000 Total Investment 1.070.000 1.405.000 1.580.000 Depreciation (12y) 89.167 117.083 131.667 Interest (7%) 45.548 59.809 67.258 €/a Power (0,07 eur/kWh) 73.111 83.555 85.153 Consumables (AC/MS) 57.000 22.500 27.541 Maintenance 23.300 25.000 28.500 Staff 3.600 14.600 13.000 Methane loss (slip) 11.130 21.696 62.443 Methane loss (availability) 45.427 90.398 132.857 Total 348.283 434.641 548.419

Selectivity: How good is the separation Permeability: How fast is the separation CH4 Recovery: How much do you lose

60 DMT-HS Membranes