PS 440 – Abnormal Psychology Instructor: Sara Barnett Unit 6

Warm-Up Question What do you know about depression? What role has depression played in your life?

Agenda Announcements Background on Mood Disorders/Specific Mood Disorders Types of Suicide Famous People with Mood Disorders Questions, Comments, Reflections

Announcements Looking ahead – Unit 7 Project - Case study analysis with regard to environmental influences, and psychosocial treatments; * You will use the same case study

Background on Mood Disorders Nearly 10% of Americans are affected by mood disorders (at given time) Approx. 50% of those who suffer from a mood disorder receive treatment in a healthcare setting Highly co-morbid with anxiety/anxiety disorders Examples: Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymic Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Post-partum Depression, Etc.

Background on Mood Disorders Etiology of Mood Disorders The Biological: Strong influence of neurobiological factors that influence mood disorders; For example: when serotonin is low, mood disorders may arise; The endocrine system also plays a role, in cases of elevated levels of cortisol The Environmental/Psychological: Strong influence of life stressors and tragedies; Strong influence of learned behaviors

Background on Mood Disorders Cultural Factors that Impact Mood Disorders Age: Children, particularly boys, many times show anger versus sadness; elderly disproportionately depressed Gender: Higher prevalence among females Race: Higher prevalence among Whites as compared to Blacks and Hispanics; Even higher prevalence among Native American population Source: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/1ANYMOODDIS_ADULT. shtml

Background on Mood Disorders What is the proposed link between mood disorders, lack of control, and the higher prevalence of mood disorders among women v. men? Why might the rate of depression be higher in individualistic versus collectivist societies?

Specific Mood Disorders What is the difference between MDD and Dysthymia? What is the difference between Mania and Hypomania? What is the difference between Biploar I and Bipolar II?

Treatment for Mood Disorders Traditional Talk Therapy Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Medications - Antidepressants - SSRIs (Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) Electroconvulsive Therapy

Types of Suicide Altruistic suicide occurs when the victim kills her/himself to avoid shaming or dishonoring loved ones Egoistic suicide is most common in the elderly and is often caused by a lack of social support systems in the victim’s life. Anomic suicide is tied to a major life stressor or disruption, such as the loss of job or the dissolution of a marriage or relationship Fatalistic suicide is implicated in individuals who feel a loss of control over their destiny.

Famous People with Mood Disorders  Richard Dreyfuss (bipolar)     Harrison Ford  (depression)  Abraham Lincoln (depression) Ben Stiller (bipolar) Carrie Fisher   (bipolar; substance abuse) Billy Joel  (depression; substance abuse (suicidal tend.)) Boris Yeltsin  (depression; substance abuse) Brooke Shields   (post-partum depression)   Buzz Aldrin (depression; substance abuse) Drew Carey (depression (suicidal tend.)) Source: http://www.disabled-world.com/artman/publish/mooddisorders-famous.shtml

Questions, Comments, Reflections ???