The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC) Eric Benckert, David Castro, Noelia Marin, and Christina Martinez

FARC Background FARC Background Columbia's oldest and largest guerrilla group Columbia's oldest and largest guerrilla group Established in 1966 as the military wing of the Columbian Communist Party (CCP) Established in 1966 as the military wing of the Columbian Communist Party (CCP) Broke from CCP and created the Clandestine Columbian Communist Party (CCCP) Broke from CCP and created the Clandestine Columbian Communist Party (CCCP) Estimated 18,000-20,000 fighting members on at least 80 fronts throughout Columbia Estimated 18,000-20,000 fighting members on at least 80 fronts throughout Columbia

FARC Background Cont. FARC is classified as a terrorist group by U.S. and European Union FARC is classified as a terrorist group by U.S. and European Union Proclaimed itself a politico- military Marxist Leninist organization Proclaimed itself a politico- military Marxist Leninist organization Ideology in Marxist Bourgeois system Ideology in Marxist Bourgeois system Claims to represent poor rural class against Columbia’s wealthy classes Claims to represent poor rural class against Columbia’s wealthy classes Opposes U.S. influence/interference Opposes U.S. influence/interference FARC ultimate objective is an armed revolution in Columbia FARC ultimate objective is an armed revolution in Columbia

FARC Background Cont. Majority of fighters come from poor rural background Majority of fighters come from poor rural background - 80% are peasants Mostly uneducated Mostly uneducated Most members join FARC for revolutionary adventurism and pay Most members join FARC for revolutionary adventurism and pay FARC pays members $350 a month FARC pays members $350 a month -Columbian Army pays $250 Majority of recruits are teens Majority of recruits are teens -male and female

Leaders Eight Main Leaders Eight Main Leaders Seven of them make up the General Secretariat Seven of them make up the General Secretariat Power positions range from Commander In Chief, to Commander of various military fronts within Columbia, providers of ideology, to spokespersons and members of the General Secretariat Power positions range from Commander In Chief, to Commander of various military fronts within Columbia, providers of ideology, to spokespersons and members of the General Secretariat

Manuel Marulanda Velez a.k.a., “Sure Shot” a.k.a., “Sure Shot” Birth name: Pedro Antonio Marin Birth name: Pedro Antonio Marin FARC Founder and commander in chief FARC Founder and commander in chief FARC Secretariat member FARC Secretariat member

Jorge Briceno Suarez a.k.a., “Mono Jojoy” a.k.a., “Mono Jojoy” Second in command of FARC Second in command of FARC Commander of the Eastern Bloc Commander of the Eastern Bloc FARC Secretariat member FARC Secretariat member

German Briceno Suarez a.k.a. “Grannobles” a.k.a. “Grannobles” Commander, 10th, 28th, 38th, 45th, and 56th fronts Commander, 10th, 28th, 38th, 45th, and 56th fronts Younger brother of Jorge Briceno Suarez Younger brother of Jorge Briceno Suarez Notorious for his wickedness and disregard for life Notorious for his wickedness and disregard for life

Guillermo Leon a.k.a., “Alfonso Cano” a.k.a., “Alfonso Cano” FARC’s chief ideologue FARC’s chief ideologue FARC Secretariat member FARC Secretariat member Leader of the Bolivarian Movement for a New Columbia Leader of the Bolivarian Movement for a New Columbia

Luis Eduardo Devia a.k.a “Raul Reyes” a.k.a “Raul Reyes” FARC Secretariat member FARC Secretariat member In Charge of finances and international policy In Charge of finances and international policy Serves as international spokesperson for FARC Serves as international spokesperson for FARC

Rodrigo Londono a.k.a. “Timoleon” a.k.a. “Timoleon” Approximately 41 years old Approximately 41 years old A physician by training A physician by training An avowed Marxist-Leninist An avowed Marxist-Leninist FARC Secretariat member FARC Secretariat member

Luciano Marin Arango a.k.a, “Ivan Marquez” a.k.a, “Ivan Marquez” FARC Secretariat member FARC Secretariat member University Educated University Educated Commands FARC military units in the Northwestern Bloc Commands FARC military units in the Northwestern Bloc

Noel Matta Matta a.k.a, “El Cucho” a.k.a, “El Cucho” FARC Secretariat member FARC Secretariat member Top arms buyer/dealer for FARC Top arms buyer/dealer for FARC Co-commander of the Northwestern Bloc Co-commander of the Northwestern Bloc

Major Events An entire dramatic leftist political party was An entire dramatic leftist political party was eliminated by right wing Paramilitaries In the last decade more than 200 bombs have In the last decade more than 200 bombs have been blown up in Columbian cities

Major Events Four presidential candidates Four presidential candidates More than 200 judges More than 200 judges 1200 polices officers 1200 polices officers More than 100 journalists More than 100 journalists More than 200,000 Columbian More than 200,000 Columbian citizens have been murdered citizens have been murdered

Major Events April 17, 2001 a powerful car bomb detonated in a Columbian provincial capital killing at least 12 people and wounding more than 60 April 17, 2001 a powerful car bomb detonated in a Columbian provincial capital killing at least 12 people and wounding more than 60 June 28, 2002 a catholic priest who was critical of leftist rebels was shot dead in front of a church where he had just performed a mass June 28, 2002 a catholic priest who was critical of leftist rebels was shot dead in front of a church where he had just performed a mass

Major Events FARC collects 400 million a year from the drug trade FARC collects 400 million a year from the drug trade FARC forcibly recruits teenagers FARC forcibly recruits teenagers Their use of laptops at road blocks allows them to check the bank account of divers – giving them information allowing them to kidnap the richest Their use of laptops at road blocks allows them to check the bank account of divers – giving them information allowing them to kidnap the richest

Major Events Recently killed the governor of Mr. Uribe’s home department of Antioquia a former defense minister who was kidnapped in April of 2002 while leading a march Recently killed the governor of Mr. Uribe’s home department of Antioquia a former defense minister who was kidnapped in April of 2002 while leading a march In 2001 there was a prisoner swap in which 363 captives – police and soldiers – were exchanged for 15 jailed guerrilla members In 2001 there was a prisoner swap in which 363 captives – police and soldiers – were exchanged for 15 jailed guerrilla members Unfortunately this prisoner swap has encouraged more kidnappings of prominent politicians to use as bargaining chips Unfortunately this prisoner swap has encouraged more kidnappings of prominent politicians to use as bargaining chips

Major Events Fired mortar shells into crowd that was attending Columbia’s new president (Alvaro Uribe) inauguration - ended up killing 18 and injured 69 Fired mortar shells into crowd that was attending Columbia’s new president (Alvaro Uribe) inauguration - ended up killing 18 and injured 69 FARC has been involved in bombing, murder, mortar attacks, kidnapping, extortion, high jacking, guerilla and conventional military action against Columbia political, military plus economy targets. FARC has been involved in bombing, murder, mortar attacks, kidnapping, extortion, high jacking, guerilla and conventional military action against Columbia political, military plus economy targets.

Major Events In 1999, there were 25 evangelical pastors murdered In 1999, there were 25 evangelical pastors murdered Guerrillas have forced some 300 evangelical churches to close Guerrillas have forced some 300 evangelical churches to close Averages of five people a day are kidnapped by guerrillas to finance their insurgence. Averages of five people a day are kidnapped by guerrillas to finance their insurgence.

Bombings Bombings, murder, mortar attacks, narcotic trafficking, kidnapping, extortion, hijacking, as well as guerrilla and conventional military action against Colombian political, military, and economic targets Bombings, murder, mortar attacks, narcotic trafficking, kidnapping, extortion, hijacking, as well as guerrilla and conventional military action against Colombian political, military, and economic targets Armed attacks against Colombian political and military targets. Many members pursue criminal activities, carrying out kidnappings for profit and bank robberies. Foreign citizens often are targets of FARC kidnappings. Group traffics in drugs and has well-documented ties to narcotic traffickers Armed attacks against Colombian political and military targets. Many members pursue criminal activities, carrying out kidnappings for profit and bank robberies. Foreign citizens often are targets of FARC kidnappings. Group traffics in drugs and has well-documented ties to narcotic traffickers

Referances Boot,W.(2001). This is Not Vietnam. American Spectator, 32(2), Hudson, R. (1999). Who Becomes A Terrorist And Why: The 1999 Government Report On Profiling Terrorists. p Hudson, R. (1999). Who Becomes A Terrorist And Why: The 1999 Government Report On Profiling Terrorists. p MacHarg, K. (1999) Twenty-five Pastors Killled This Year. Christianity Today. Martin, G. (2003). Understanding Terrorism challenges, perspectives, and issues. Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications. MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Database. (2006). Group Profile: Revolutionary Armed Forces Of Columbia. Retrieved February 14, 2006, from MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Database. (2006). Group Profile: Revolutionary Armed Forces Of Columbia. Retrieved February 14, 2006, from Stratfor. (2006). World Terrorism Report: Hotspots. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from tSpots=1&hcId=25&section=key Stratfor. (2006). World Terrorism Report: Hotspots. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from tSpots=1&hcId=25&section=key tSpots=1&hcId=25&section=key tSpots=1&hcId=25&section=key United States Department of Defense