1 CEE 100 An Introduction to CEE

2 Topics Introduction to engineers Engineering students and graduates CEE areas of specialization A bit of perspective –Great projects (the good) –Global warming (the bad) –A few problems (the ugly)

3 First, a few numbers for the US InfrastructureHow much do we have? Roads and streets6.5 million km Bridges583,000 Drinking water supply system1.6 million km Waste water treatment facilities (publicly owned) 16,000

4 First, a few numbers for the US InfrastructureHow much do we have? Airports15,000 (49,000 worldwide) 5,119 with paved runways Pipelines245,000 km petroleum 549,000 km natural gas Railways227,000 km Source: CIA World Factbook 2006

5 Introduction to Engineers

6 Numbers of Engineers in the US Engineer TypeNumber% of Total Engineers All Engineers1,449, (or 0.5% of US population) Civil237,00016 Mechanical226,00016 Industrial177,00012 Electrical156,00011 Electronics143,00010 Computer hardware77,0005 Aerospace76,0005 Environmental49,0003

7 Where do they work? SectorNumber of Engineers% of Total Manufacturing555,00038 Services (design firms, etc.)378,00026 Construction, Transportation, Telecommunications, Utilities 281,00020 Federal, State, and Local Governments 194,00013 Self-Employed41,0003

8 Washington State employment? SectorEmployment in the State of Washington % of Total Natural resources and mining9, Construction205,0007 Manufacturing (wood products and aerospace) 289,00010 Government517,00018 Retail and wholesale trade452,00016 Professional and business services340,00012 All other employment1,075,00037 Source: Washington CEO, as of September 2006 (employment rounded to the nearest thousand). Numbers for all employment—not just engineering.

9 What are Civil Engineers? Civil and environmental engineering is a profession that applies technology to meet society's needs. Civil and environmental engineers are essential to provide buildings, clean water, roadways, and the protection of the natural environment. With the advent of new information technologies, civil and environmental engineering is at the intersection of the built, natural and information environments.

10 Where do Civils work? SectorNumber of Civil Engineers % of Total Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services 120,00050 Federal, State, and Local Governments 80,00033 Construction Industry40,00017

11 US Engineering Students

12 US Engineering Students and Graduates In 2004, degrees awarded in engineering –73,000 BS (CEE 11% of total) –40,000 MS (CEE 9% of total) –7,000 PhD (CEE 10% of total)

13 US Undergraduate Enrollment As of Fall 2004

14 US Masters Enrollment As of Fall 2004

15 BSCE Degrees Awarded—2003

16 CEE Areas of Specialization

17 CEE Areas of Specialization Transportation Construction Geotechnical Structures Environmental Water Resources

18 Student Specialty Interests

19 A bit of perspective…

20 Illustrations of good…

21 Civil Engineers do… Le Phare Tower (The Lighthouse), Paris 300 m height, $1.35 billion Disney Concert Hall, LA

22 Civil Engineers also do… Dubai, UAE

23 Wonderful buildings in Dubai… Ski Dubai Burj Dubai

24 Actually, lots of buildings…

25 Big projects…such as Grand Coulee Dam

26 Big projects…such as Grand Coulee Dam

27 However, Grand Coulee not world’s largest hydro dam… Three Gorges Dam –27 million m 3 of PCC –18,200 megawatts of electricity Grand Coulee Dam –9.2 million m 3 of PCC –6,000 megawatts of electricity Photo sources: Wikipedia

28 Design and construction of airports and Interstate highways

29 Boeing Field

30 Source: Boeing Photo Facilities were rather basic in 1933 for the Boeing Model 247

31 Brasilia International Airport Photo source: Google Earth

32 Brasilia International Airport

33 Brasilia International Airport

34 A bit of Washington traffic…

35 Civil Engineers designed and built US 99 Seattle—and they will be part of the replacement solution All traffic data from 2004 WSDOT estimates. ADT = 100,000

36 Civil Engineers designed and built US 99 Seattle—and they will be part of the replacement solution

37 I-5 Seattle ADT = 242,000 Trucks = 5%

38 I-405 near Bellevue ADT = 191,000 Trucks = 7%

39 First Avenue, Seattle

40 First Avenue (1878) University of Washington Libraries

41 First Avenue (1889) University of Washington Libraries

42 Sketch used by Sam Hill to illustrate the need for properly graded roads (ca. 1910) Photo source: Maryhill Museum of Art, Goldendale, Washington

43 First Avenue (1901) University of Washington Libraries

44 Illustrations of bad…

45 Global warming

46 Greenland…a lot of ice to melt…but if you did…

47 Global warming LocationVolume (km 3 )Potential Sea Level Rise (m) East Antarctic ice sheet26,039, West Antarctic ice sheet3,262, Antarctic Peninsula227, Greenland2,620, All other ice fields, glaciers, etc. 180, Total32,328, (264 ft.) Source: US Geological Survey

48 Global warming effects…

49 Global warming effects…

50 Global warming effects…

51 Global warming effects…

52 Global warming effects…

53 Global warming effects…

54 Global warming effects…

55 Illustrations of ugly…well not all ugly but change…

56 Big issues are coming….

57 Big problems come quickly….

58 Big problems come quickly…

59 Big problems come quickly…

60 Big problems come quickly… Location: Kobe, Japan--1995

61 Big problems come quickly… Taiwan Alaska--2004

62 Big problems come quickly… Teton Dam Teton River, SE Idaho Failed on June 5, 1976

63 So do traffic accidents…

64 Some problems grow slowly… Bangkok

65 Civil Engineers study congestion and how to reduce… University District

66 So do aircraft/airport accidents… Runway incursion Milan, Italy Short runway—Midway Airport, Chicago

67 Water and Land Development

68 How open space exists in a typical suburban neighborhood? For this Vancouver, BC neighborhood, only 32% is open green space.

69 Urban Areas—Land Coverage NationUrban Land Area/Total Land Area Australia0.3% France12.4% Germany27.5% Great Britain5.9% Ireland4.1% Italy20.1% Japan14.3% Netherlands28.3% New Zealand1.4% Spain9.3% Switzerland17.5% United States2.6%

70 Dhaka, Bangladesh 5.6 million population67 mi 2 84,300 pop/mi 2 (No 1 and 331 ft 2 /person)

71 Hong Kong, China 6.5 million population85 mi 2 76,200 pop/mi 2 (No 3 and 366 ft 2 /person)

72 Sao Paulo, Brazil 17.7 million population760 mi 2 23,300 pop/mi 2 (No 217 and 1,196 ft 2 /person)

73 Vancouver, BC 1.8 million population432 mi 2 4,200 pop/mi 2 (No 600 and 6,638 ft 2 /person)

74 Seattle, Washington 2.7 million population952 mi 2 2,800 pop/mi 2 (No 633 and 9,957 ft 2 /person)

75 Questions?