Designing and Implementing Cabling Infrastructure Dr. Saif al Zahir King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Computer Engineering Department Dr. Saif al Zahir King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Computer Engineering Department

COE-KFUPM OutlineOutline n Planning structured cabling systems n Designing structured cabling systems n Installing structured cabling systems n Types of Cables, Standards, physical topologies, …etc. n Planning structured cabling systems n Designing structured cabling systems n Installing structured cabling systems n Types of Cables, Standards, physical topologies, …etc.

COE-KFUPM Planning Structured cabling system n Elements of structured cabling system Site survey of the location. This include the following Site survey of the location. This include the following types of userstypes of users applications being run on the networkapplications being run on the network planned and unplanned growth requirementsplanned and unplanned growth requirements frequency of moves, additions, and deletionsfrequency of moves, additions, and deletions The preparation of detailed diagrams for : The preparation of detailed diagrams for : cable runs,cable runs, number of drops per office,number of drops per office, termination equipments, andtermination equipments, and the physical locations wiring closets and equipment roomsthe physical locations wiring closets and equipment rooms n Elements of structured cabling system Site survey of the location. This include the following Site survey of the location. This include the following types of userstypes of users applications being run on the networkapplications being run on the network planned and unplanned growth requirementsplanned and unplanned growth requirements frequency of moves, additions, and deletionsfrequency of moves, additions, and deletions The preparation of detailed diagrams for : The preparation of detailed diagrams for : cable runs,cable runs, number of drops per office,number of drops per office, termination equipments, andtermination equipments, and the physical locations wiring closets and equipment roomsthe physical locations wiring closets and equipment rooms

COE-KFUPM Cabling Design Requirements n Must accommodate equipment relocation and network growth without recabling n Must satisfy the following Quality of Service Quality of Service Reliability Reliability Flexibility of current and future network Flexibility of current and future network dependability dependability ease of use. ease of use. n Must accommodate equipment relocation and network growth without recabling n Must satisfy the following Quality of Service Quality of Service Reliability Reliability Flexibility of current and future network Flexibility of current and future network dependability dependability ease of use. ease of use.

COE-KFUPM Installing Structured cabling system n Must meet the designs !!! n Topology of the media n Cable plant maintenance n Termination and connections n The Network media type Fiber Optics Fiber Optics Coaxial Cable Coaxial Cable Copper wires Copper wires n Must meet the designs !!! n Topology of the media n Cable plant maintenance n Termination and connections n The Network media type Fiber Optics Fiber Optics Coaxial Cable Coaxial Cable Copper wires Copper wires

COE-KFUPM Other Installation Considerations n Must check... n Cable Pathways Ease of Access Ease of Access Future Expansion Future Expansion Installation Cost Installation Cost EMI/RFI Effects EMI/RFI Effects n Grounding n Fire Proofing Plenum Spaces Plenum Spaces Through Holes Through Holes n Building Codes n Environment n Documentation n Testing n Consider Over Cabling n Technology Changes n Country

COE-KFUPM Cables and LANs LAN Physical Topology Choices

COE-KFUPM n Devices Active devices : end nodes; switches; routers Active devices : end nodes; switches; routers Passive devices : connectors; terminals; patch panels; passive repeaters Passive devices : connectors; terminals; patch panels; passive repeaters n Devices Active devices : end nodes; switches; routers Active devices : end nodes; switches; routers Passive devices : connectors; terminals; patch panels; passive repeaters Passive devices : connectors; terminals; patch panels; passive repeaters

COE-KFUPM Cables Types, Speeds, and Lengths

COE-KFUPM Types of Cables n Coax Thicknet Thicknet Thinnet Thinnet n Twisted-Pair Category 3/ Category 4 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Category 3/ Category 4 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Beyond Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Beyond Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair n Fiber Optic Multi-Mode Fiber Multi-Mode Fiber Single-Mode Fiber Single-Mode Fiber n Coax Thicknet Thicknet Thinnet Thinnet n Twisted-Pair Category 3/ Category 4 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Category 3/ Category 4 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Beyond Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Beyond Category 5 Unshielded Twisted-Pair n Fiber Optic Multi-Mode Fiber Multi-Mode Fiber Single-Mode Fiber Single-Mode Fiber

COE-KFUPM Types of Cables n Coaxial Cable Coax Cable: Cross Section

COE-KFUPM 10Base-5 (ThickNet) n Main Characteristics n Large Diameter Coax Cable (.5” dia.) n Multiple Connections Directly to the Cable n Maximum Segment Length of 500m n Connection Separation a Minimum of 2.5m n 50 ohm Terminator at Ends of Segment n Devices Connect to Cable Via AUI Port to Transceiver Cable to Transceiver Box n Obsolete Design

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COE-KFUPM 10Base-2 (Thinnet) n Main Characteristics n RG-58 Coax Cable (.17” dia.) n Maximum Segment Length of 185 m n Maximum of 30 Connections per Segment n Connection Separation a Minimum of.5m n 50 ohm Terminator at Ends of Segment n Device Connection Via a T-Connector n Legacy Design Phased Out Over Time

COE-KFUPM Types of Cables n Fiber Optics Fiber Optic Cable: Cross Section

COE-KFUPM Multimode Fiber n Core Diameter Relatively Larger Than Light Wavelength n Normally Uses Inexpensive LED Laser Transmitter and Receivers n Maximum Distance Up to 2 km n Graded Index Design Changes the Index of Refraction From the Core Out Most Common Type Is 62.5/125  m Most Common Type Is 62.5/125  m n Uses Wavelengths of 850nm and 1300nm n Often Used for Building Backbones and Short Inter-Building Communications

COE-KFUPM Single-Mode Fiber Core Diameter Much Closer to Wavelength of Light Used (  m dia. to 1300nm wavelength) Core Diameter Much Closer to Wavelength of Light Used (  m dia. to 1300nm wavelength) n Can Be Used for Distances of 30 km or When High Data Rates Are Required n Uses Powerful Lasers Requiring Extra Safety n Used for Phone Communication n Electronic Interfaces Very Expensive

COE-KFUPM Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) n Multi-conductor Cable n Conductors Arranged in Pairs n 100 ohm Impedance n Considered Easier to Install n Different Grades of Performance n Can Easily Support Full Duplex Operation

COE-KFUPM Category 3 / Category 4 UTP n Main Features n First Grades of UTP Cable Rated For 10 Mbs Ethernet Operations (10Base-T) n Category 3 Cable Specified for Operations to 16 MHz (Installed 1989) n Category 4 Cable Specified for Operations to 20 MHz (Installed 1991) n 10Base-T Operation Only Uses One Pair to Transmit and One Pair to Receive

COE-KFUPM Category 5 UTP n Main Features n Specified for Operations Up to 100 MHz n Supports 10Base-T, 100Base-TX, FDDI and ATM 155 n Standard Maximum Operating Length of 100 m n Stringent Installation Specifications for Maximum Performance n Set Standard for Performance of Entire Circuit (All Passive Components Must Be Rated CAT 5) n Has Displaced Coax and Fiber for Most Desktop Applications

COE-KFUPM 10Base-5 (Thicknet) n Main Features n Large Diameter Coax Cable (.5” dia.) n Multiple Connections Directly to the Cable n Maximum Segment Length of 500m n Connection Separation a Minimum of 2.5m n 50 ohm Terminator at Ends of Segment n Devices Connect to Cable Via AUI Port to Transceiver Cable to Transceiver Box n Obsolete Design

COE-KFUPM Media Technology LAN Media Technology Analysis

COE-KFUPM Some Cables’ Standards

COE-KFUPM Installation References n Some standards n EIA/TIA Building Telecommunications Wiring Standards EIA/TIA-568x Commercial Building Wiring Standard EIA/TIA-568x Commercial Building Wiring Standard EIA/TIA-569 Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunications Pathways and Space EIA/TIA-569 Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunications Pathways and Space n BICSI Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual n National Electric Code (Saudi Arabia Codes)

COE-KFUPM Ethernet Media Interfaces GOLDMAN: DATACOMM FIG pin RJ-45 jack for 10Base-T BNC connector for 10Base-2 (thin coax ethernet) DB-15 AUI connector for 10Base-5 (thick coax ethernet) Jumpers to enable/disable media interfaces Transceiver thick coax ethernet DB-15 AUI AUI or transceiver cable DB-15 AUI