Slide 1 of 28 Chemistry 19.4

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 28 Neutralization Reactions Excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach can cause heartburn and a feeling of nausea. Antacids neutralize the stomach acid and relieve the pain of acid indigestion. You will learn what a neutralization reaction is. 19.4

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Slide 3 of 28 Acid-Base Reactions What are the products of the reaction of an acid with a base? 19.4

Slide 4 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions In general, the reaction of an acid with a base produces water and one of a class of compounds called salts. 19.4

Slide 5 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions Reactions in which an acid and a base react in an aqueous solution to produce a salt and water are generally called neutralization reactions. 19.4

Slide 6 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions 19.4

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Slide 7 of 28 Titration What is the endpoint of a titration? 19.4

Slide 8 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration The process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution is called titration. The point of neutralization is the end point of the titration. 19.4

Slide 9 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration When an acid and base are mixed, the equivalence point is when the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide ions. 19.4

Slide 10 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration The solution of known concentration is called the standard solution. Indicators are often used to determine when enough of the standard solution has been added to neutralize the acid or base. The point at which the indicator changes color is the end point of the titration. 19.4

Slide 11 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration Acid solution with indicator Added base is measured with a buret. Color change shows neutralization. 19.4

Slide 12 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration 19.4

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 13 of 28 Section Quiz -or- Continue to: Launch: Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section 19.4 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 14 of Section Quiz 1. When a neutralization takes place, one of the products is always a.carbon dioxide. b.a salt. c.sodium chloride. d.a precipitate.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 15 of In a titration, 45.0 mL of KOH is neutralized by 75.0 mL of 0.30M HBr. What is the concentration of the KOH solution? a.0.18M b.0.60M c.0.25M d.0.50M 19.4 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 16 of How many moles of HCl are required to neutralize an aqueous solution of 2.0 mol Ca(OH) 2 ? a.0.5 mol b.1.0 mol c.2.0 mol d.4.0 mol 19.4 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 17 of Section Quiz 4. In which of the following neutralization titrations of 1-molar solutions of H 2 SO 4 and NaOH will the equivalence point be reached at the very end of the additions? H 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2NaOH(aq)  Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2H 2 O(aq) a.200 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH b.200 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH c.100 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH d.100 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH

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