Types of Mixtures. Solutions Solutions are homogeneous mixtures made up of two components. The part of the solution that does the dissolving is called.

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Presentation transcript:

Types of Mixtures

Solutions Solutions are homogeneous mixtures made up of two components. The part of the solution that does the dissolving is called the solvent. The part of the solution that gets dissolved is called the solute. In a sugar water solution, what is the solute? Sugar In a sugar water solution, what is the solvent? Water

Solutions (continued) The solute particles are < 1 nm in diameter. How large are these particles in cm? cm As a result, solutions often appear clear. Due to the extremely small particle size solutions remain mixed and do not separate (settle out) upon standing. Solutions cannot be separated by filtration (particles are so small they pass through the paper with the solvent. Examples include: kool-aid, flat soft drink

Solutions

Colloids Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures. The particles mixed into the main component are between 1 and 100 nm in diameter. Due to the slightly larger particle size, colloids appear cloudy. Although the particles are larger than in a solution, they are still small enough that they stay mixed and do not separate upon standing and cannot be separated by filtration. Examples: milk, whipped cream

Colloids

Tyndall Effect Particles in a colloid are large enough that they will reflect (scatter) light. This phenomenon is referred to as the Tyndall Effect.

Tyndall Effect

Suspensions Suspensions are also heterogeneous mixtures. The particles in a suspension are the largest and have a diameter > 100 nm. Due to the larger size these particles will separate (settle out) upon standing. If all of the particles have separated, the liquid may appear clear. If not, the liquid may appear cloudy.

Suspensions The larger particle size allows for suspensions to be separated by filtration. The Tyndall effect may be observed if the particles have not settled out. Examples: muddy water, Italian salad dressing.

Suspension

Solution, Colloid, or Suspension Recently opened soft drink Fog Food coloring in water Blood Milk Pure air Sugar water Paint