SOCOL activities at IAC and PMOD/WRC 1 J. Anet, F. Arfeuille, S. Brönnimann, M. Calisto, T. Egorova, N. Hochmuth, C. Hoyle, T. Peter, E. Rozanov, W. Schmutz, M. Schraner, A. Shapiro, J. Sheng, A. Stenke, D. Weisenstein IACETH

Chemistry-Climate Model SOCOL 2 T, wind, H 2 O O 3, H 2 O,CH 4, N 2 O, CFCs Tropospheric Aerosols Stratospheric Aerosols Prescribed SST/SIC MPI-Ocean Model Mixed Layer Ocean CO, NO x emissions surface, lightning, aircraft Dynamics MA-ECHAM4 / MA-ECHAM5 L39 (0.01 hPa), T31 / T42 ECHAM radiation scheme (& shortwave: Lyman-α, Schumann-Runge, Hartley) Chemistry (MEZON) Homogeneous and heterogeneous ozone chemistry Tropospheric background chem. & project-specific extensions Calculated every 2 hours CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O, CFCs, Halons IACETH Solar Radiation

Year without summer 1816 (F. Arfeuille)  Investigate the climatic impacts of the strongest volcanic eruptions of the last 700 years.  Tools:  AER 2D aerosol microphysics model  CCM SOCOL vs2 (MEZON coupled to ECHAM4)  SOCOL runs include stratospheric aerosols taken from AER model output. Solar spectral irradiance from Dalton minimum reconstruction. Sea Surface Temperatures from coral/tree rings reconstruction.  T31L39 resolution.  Approach:  Ensemble runs around with different volcanic scenarios, SST forcing, … IACETH 3

The middle atmosphere response to the short-term variability of the solar activity (A.P. Shapiro)  To understand the variability of the middle atmosphere state on monthly time scales and evaluate the contribution of the different driving processes.  SNF funded  Tools:  CCM SOCOL vs2  Approach:  Short-term (≈1 year) and medium-term (≈10 years) ensemble simulations of the atmosphere driven by daily spectral solar irradiance. Analysis of the satellite and ground-based data.  Status:  All runs have been completed, the analysis is ongoing. IACETH 4

Nowcasting of the middle atmosphere state (T. Egorova)  To understand the influence of short-term variability of the solar irradiance and energetic particles on the middle atmosphere.  Learn how to manage near-real-time operation and visualization.  FP7 funded, SOTERIA (Solar-TERrestrial Investigations and Archives)  Tools:  CCM SOCOL vs2 extended to include a complete representation of ion chemistry.  Approach:  Ensemble simulations of the middle atmosphere state driven by near-real-time information about spectral solar irradiance and energetic particles.  Status:  Operational service from March 2011 IACETH 5

FUPSOL (J. Anet, autumn 2010)  Investigate influence of the sun on global climate from past (1600) to future (2200)  Tools:  SOCOL vs3 (MEZON coupled to ECHAM5) coupled to MPI-OM via OASIS coupler  Includes particle precipitation from solar eruptions (SPE), solar wind (LEE) and galactic cosmic rays (GCR)  T31L39 resolution for atmosphere, GR30 (around 3°) for ocean  Approach:  600 yrs control simulation  Ensemble runs during Dalton Minimum and 21th century with and w/o volcanic eruptions  Status:  Coupling with MPI-OM ongoing IACETH 6

IASSA (Impact of Artificial Stratospheric Sulfate Aerosols investigated by means of a coupled aerosol-chemistry-climate-model) (J. Sheng, autumn 2010)  To evaluate the expected efficiency and safety of geoengineering by injection of sulfur containing gases  SNF funded  Tools:  CCM SOCOL vs3 extended to include interactive/slab ocean and a complete representation of sulfate aerosol  Approach:  Long-term (≈100 years) ensemble simulations of the atmosphere driven by different scenarios of sulfate injections.  Status:  model is in preparation IACETH 7

MAIOLICA (A. Stenke, spring 2009)  Investigate feedback processes between terrestrial biosphere and global climate, including anthropogenic land use changes  Special focus on methane  CCES funded  Tools:  SOCOL vs3 with extended tropospheric chemistry: condensed isoprene mechanism  Coupled to dynamic global vegetation model LPJ  Approach:  Long-term simulations ( ) with and w/o interactive vegetation  Status:  Coupling with LPJ ongoing IACETH 8