1 Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad Ext.: 3823

2 Lecture 1: Objectives 1.Formulate a clear, practical definition of health informatics 2.Define information, ICT and health informatics literacy 3.Identify key literacy terms and components 4.Discuss the skill required for information literacy, computer literacy and HI literacy. 5.Apply HI literacy skills to health care setting.

3 Defining Health Informatics Health Informatics is the science that uses information to improve health care [1]. Health informatics is an interdisciplinary field that applies technology and information to enhance health care delivery, support biomedical research, and foster education of health professionals and the public [2]. HI is the study of how health data, information, and knowledge are collected, stored, processed, communicated, and used to support the process of health care delivery to clients and providers, administrators, and organizations involved in health care delivery.

4 Defining Informatics Information ICT Professional knowledge Informatics as a crossroads where information, ICT, knowledge and wisdom meet.

5 Information literacy “Information is data that have meaning. It can be presented in any medium (text, lists or graphics) in the manner that the end user prefers” [1] Static information - info that remains the same after publication. Dynamic information – info that always change to keep current. Access and delivery methods library  electronic.

6 Information literacy (cont.) Cognitive skills Concentration and Attention Comprehension and Interpretation Evaluation and Synthesis Application and Analysis Generalization and Abstraction Critical thinking skills negotiate the information jungle identify the best resources use the knowledge gained

7 Information literacy (cont.) Ability to identify an information need, locate pertinent information, evaluate the information, and apply it correctly. Practical 2: WWW, , E-Journals, Education Web Site Develop need statement Identifying terms Search strategies Identify resources Credibility, Accuracy Bias, Currency Relevancy, Usability Organizing Managing, using

8 ICT literacy ICT Infrastructure: HW, SW, Storage and Network ICT – Computer, communication and multimedia technologies that can be used to receive, process, store, display and disseminate information.

9 ICT literacy Ability to acquire and apply a basic understanding of current ICT hardware systems and software applications to a problem in a particular work or personal setting. Practical 3 – 12: OS, Word processing, Spreadsheet, Database, Presentation and Graphic Computer

10 1.Foundation concepts concerning how technology works 2.Contemporary skills using computer applications 3.Intellectual ability to apply that knowledge and adapt to change through life long learning Fluency with Information Technology (FITness [3])

11 Professional knowledge Biomedicine Biomedicine Dietetics Nursing Forensic Science Dietetics Nursing Forensic Science Medical Radiation Medical Radiation Exercise & Sports Science Exercise & Sports Science Audiology Audiology Speech Pathology NutritionSpeech Pathology Provide health care services results from education and experience.

12 Health informatics literacy The application of information literacy, ICT literacy, and the professional knowledge during the delivery of health care services. Facilitate the delivery of efficient, cost effective, high-quality care. Information ICT Professional knowledge

13 People in HI Clinical – needs information that suitable in caring for patients Nonclinical (Educators, adminstrators, scientists) – need relevant data and information to perform their duties Information science – IT professionals use computing technologies to manage information within an organization  fulfill need and requirements of other end users HI involves people with diverse backgrounds and training:

14 Examples: Applications in basic research  Provide enormous opportunity to understand human body in ways not previously possible  Relied heavily on IT to sort and manage the data to map human genome  Ability to identify and treat human disease Human Genome Project – Scientists used fundamental research methods and techniques to map the complete human genome

15 Examples: Applications on institutional level Mobile access to clinical and medical information anywhere and anytime by using handheld computers such as Palm or Pocket PC devices More information refer to

16 More examples Clinical decision support system – designed to help practitioners make informed patient care decisions based on both patient- specific information and the latest research findings. Pharmacists – computerized order entry

17 Hospital Information System (HIS): -LIFELINE -Sistem Maklumat Drug & Ubat- ubatan Interface system for laboratory equipments & clinical : - Flowcytometer System - Chemistry Analyser System - Linear Accelerator System Examples: Applications in HUSM Lab. Info. Sys (LIS): - Pathology Online Report System -Haematology LIS -Blood Transfusion LIS

18 Picture Archiving & Communication System (PACS)  CTScan Image Processing System  Radiology PACS Decission Support System (DSS) & Artificial Intelligence System (AI) - Pathology Diagnosis Support Sys. - Antibiotics Selection Sys. - Health Geographical Info. Sys. Examples: Applications in HUSM

19 Homework – self evaluation 1.Draft your own definition of health informatics. 2.Check with at least one online resources to compare your understanding of the term with other published definitions on the internet. 3.Briefly describe the history of health informatics. 4.Describe a scenario demonstrating how you might apply health informatics literacy in your discipline. 5.List several ways that you will continue to develop health informatics literacy now and in the future.

20 HI resources

Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad PPSK, USM. Dec References [1]Hersh, WR. Medical Informatics: Improving health care through information. JAMA. 2002;288(16) [2]Felkey GF, Fox BI and Thrower. Health Care Informatics: A skill-based resource. APhA, 2006:p.4. [3]Englebardt & Nelson. Health Care Informatics: An Interdisciplinary approach. Mosby. 2006:p.41.