By: Alena Newcomb

 What is a WI-FI hotspot?  Wireless Local Area Network location that provides broadband Internet access.  Use of laptops, PDA, or cellphones

 WI-FI hotspots first proposed by Brett Stewart at the NetWorld conference in San Francisco Moscone Center in August 1993  First called Public Accessible Wireless LANs  Term “Hotspot” introduced by Nokia in 1998

 WI-FI uses unlicensed radio spectrum and does not require regulatory approval for individual installation  Allows LANs to be deployed without cabling, reducing cost of network  Ideal in locations where running physical cables isn't practical such as outdoors or historical buildings  WI-FI products are widely available on the market

 The range of the Wi-Fi depends on several factors  Power output of wireless router  Strength of the receiving wireless card  Obstructions

 Responsible for services rendered by the customer.  Order of service  User getting a bill for service  Post-use satisfaction survey

Overview of Hotspots  Free hotspots  Provide open access  User has to go authentication  Open hotspots  Wireless LANs that allow users to connect to get broadband access

 Most remote netowrk and data management services are enabled by NOC  Tracking Problems and Performance  Driving Problem Resolution  Performing Software and Firmware Updates  Monitoring and Managing Servers  Enhancing Network Security

 Authentication  Identifies which entity can gain access to the network  Authorization  Identifies the boundaries or limits of the access provided to each user  Accounting  Tracks the duration of the access and accounts for the time used and data transferred during the session

 Contracts that quantify the service given to a customer  Bandwidth usage  Service availability  Latency  Throughput  Outage notification requirements An acceptable level of service provider performance is guaranteed to the customer

 Price plans offered to customers can be divided into units called packages  A price plan can comprise of many packages  At least one package fee or one service rate  Package fee will be a standard fee that has no measurement unit  Service rate will be measured with an activity unit

 Subscription Plan  Pay-Go plan  PrePaid Cards

 Monitor network hardware and software components  Routers  Switches  Aps  Firewalls  Authentication Servers  Pinging utility used in polling the AP at regular intervals  If AP outage occurs the network administrator is notified by .  Faults in devices can be immediately detected, isolated, and fixed

 Configuration of User Accounts  Techinical Support  Account Management  Usage History  Historical and online usage monitoring

 Operations Support System enables Wi-Fi service providers to introduce custom service offering  Supporting various authentication choices  Billing models  Payment mechanisms  Charging principles

 Operations Support System can be equipped with ability to have session intercept pages  Emergency Situations  HotLining feature will provide an operator with the capability to address issues with users  A wireless operator using the hotlining feature may hotline the user to resolve the problem. Blocking normal packet data usage Notify subscriber that packet data usage is blocked Directing subscriber to rectify blockage Restoring normal operations

 Data Privacy  A private connection is established. Over the public channel by using data encryption.  Authentication  Authentication is provided between communicating parties by the use of standard key encryption  Reliability  Data can not be tampered during a session.

 VoIP  Voice communication over the internet  Mobile Hotspots  Trains, buses, and ferries