Domestic Terrorism By: Monica DeHart, Aida L. Wilhelm & DaVette Henderson Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan Facts Definition: Definition: “1. A secret society organized in the South after the Civil War to reassert White supremacy by means of terrorism” ( 2007, p.1). “1. A secret society organized in the South after the Civil War to reassert White supremacy by means of terrorism” ( 2007, p.1). Classification: Classification: Fringe Right Fringe Right Strength: Strength: less than 500 members less than 500 members

Ku Klux Klan Facts Source of Income: Membership dues and sales of KKK paraphernalia. Source of Income: Membership dues and sales of KKK paraphernalia. Also known as: American Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Imperial Klans of America, and Knights of the White Kamelia. Also known as: American Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Imperial Klans of America, and Knights of the White Kamelia. Last offense: Last offense: unknown unknown

Ku Klux Klan Two Generations

Background Information Post Civil War: Post Civil War: 6 middle-class Veterans of the Confederate Army founded the Ku Klux Klan. 6 middle-class Veterans of the Confederate Army founded the Ku Klux Klan. December 24, 1865: Ku Klux Klan established. December 24, 1865: Ku Klux Klan established. Modern day Fraternal Organization: expressing their beliefs of a supreme race White Power. Modern day Fraternal Organization: expressing their beliefs of a supreme race White Power.

The First Era of Ku Klux Klan President Ulysses Grant demolished the Ku Klux Klan in the 1870’s under the Civil Rights Act. President Ulysses Grant demolished the Ku Klux Klan in the 1870’s under the Civil Rights Act Ku Klux Klan Act ( 2007) Ku Klux Klan Act ( 2007). Began by humor and eventually turned into hatred and terrorism towards non- white’s. Began by humor and eventually turned into hatred and terrorism towards non- white’s. Key Target was African Americans also known as- NEGRO’S!!! ( 2007). Key Target was African Americans also known as- NEGRO’S!!! ( 2007).

Nathan Bedford Forrest Nominated as the “Grand Wizard” which was the Klan’s national leader ( 2007, p.3). Nominated as the “Grand Wizard” which was the Klan’s national leader ( 2007, p.3) Meeting to compose a formal membership of the KKK Meeting to compose a formal membership of the KKK. Forrest is quoted by George Gordon as stating “…that’s a damn good thing. We can keep them niggers in their place” ( 2007, p. 10). Forrest is quoted by George Gordon as stating “…that’s a damn good thing. We can keep them niggers in their place” ( 2007, p. 10).

Activities of the First Era “The Klan sought to control the political and social status of the freed slaves” ( 2007, p.3). “The Klan sought to control the political and social status of the freed slaves” ( 2007, p.3). “Specifically, it attempted to curb black education, economic advancement, voting rights, and the right to bear arms” ( 2007, p. 3). “Specifically, it attempted to curb black education, economic advancement, voting rights, and the right to bear arms” ( 2007, p. 3).

Activities of first era cont… KKK Targets: KKK Targets: School teacher’s, Operatives of the federal Freedman’s Bureau and Black member’s of the Local Leagues. School teacher’s, Operatives of the federal Freedman’s Bureau and Black member’s of the Local Leagues. The Klan killed over 150 African Americans in one county in Florida ( 2007, p.3). The Klan killed over 150 African Americans in one county in Florida ( 2007, p.3).

The Second Era of Ku Klux Klan In 1915, William J. Simmons (Grand Wizard) re-established the second era. In 1915, William J. Simmons (Grand Wizard) re-established the second era. Simmon’s was inspired by the movie “Birth of a Nation” by D.W. Griffith ( 2007, p.3). Simmon’s was inspired by the movie “Birth of a Nation” by D.W. Griffith ( 2007, p.3). Politics: Politics: More organized and focused on political and social reform. More organized and focused on political and social reform. Membership: Membership: 4 million 4 million Mostly in Midwestern states Mostly in Midwestern states

William J. Simmons Elected in 1915 at meeting on Stone Mountain. Elected in 1915 at meeting on Stone Mountain. Sought to form a fraternal organization. Sought to form a fraternal organization. Based on comprehensive Americanism. Based on comprehensive Americanism. Recruited post WWI and patronized conflicts occurring in U.S. Recruited post WWI and patronized conflicts occurring in U.S. “Now let the Niggers, Catholics, Jews and others who disdain my wizardry, come out.” ( 2007, p.7). “Now let the Niggers, Catholics, Jews and others who disdain my wizardry, come out.” ( 2007, p.7).

Second Era of the Ku Klux Klan Advocated: anti-jewish, anti-catholic, anti- communists and anti-immigant ( 2007, p. 8). Advocated: anti-jewish, anti-catholic, anti- communists and anti-immigant ( 2007, p. 8). Republican & Semi-Democratic. Republican & Semi-Democratic.

“Violence” of the Ku Klux Klan LynchingWhippingsMurders Tar and feathering BombingsShootingsFloggings Beating and sexual assaults

Hate Crimes of the KKK Hate Crimes of the KKK Lynching Lynching 1915 the Lynching of Leo Frank 1915 the Lynching of Leo Frank March 20, 1981 lynching of Michael Donald March 20, 1981 lynching of Michael Donald

Hate Crimes of the KKK Bombings Bombings Alabama Church: Alabama Church: September 15, 1963 September 15, girls killed and 22 adults injured 4 girls killed and 22 adults injured Recent findings Recent findings May 17, 2000: clarifications on Church bombing May 17, 2000: clarifications on Church bombing FBI aware of bombings FBI aware of bombings

Hate Crimes of the Ku Klux Klan In 1977 Joseph Paul Franklin (Former KKK member & serial killer ) was indicted for bombing a synagogue in Chattanooga, Tenneessee. In 1977 Joseph Paul Franklin (Former KKK member & serial killer ) was indicted for bombing a synagogue in Chattanooga, Tenneessee. He called it a “synagogue of Satin” ( m, 2007, p.1) He called it a “synagogue of Satin” ( m, 2007, p.1) mwww.query.nytimes.co m

Hate Crimes of the KKK In 1951 the Ku Klux Klan bombed Harry T. Moore’s home. (school teacher & State Director of NAACP) In 1951 the Ku Klux Klan bombed Harry T. Moore’s home. (school teacher & State Director of NAACP) 40 years later the FBI & KKK conspired with local authorities to carry out the bombing 40 years later the FBI & KKK conspired with local authorities to carry out the bombing

Current Chapter Female Bands: Female Bands: Blue-Eyed Devils Blue-Eyed Devils Angry Aryans Angry Aryans Prussian Blue Prussian Blue Believe in White Supremacy Believe in White Supremacy Source of Education: Source of Education: 1950’s racist textbooks 1950’s racist textbooks Lyrics: Lyrics: "Strike force! White survival. Strike force! Yeah." (F:\Bakersfield girl band Cute Klux Klan.htm, 2007, p.1) "Strike force! White survival. Strike force! Yeah." (F:\Bakersfield girl band Cute Klux Klan.htm, 2007, p.1) "We are proud of being white. We want our people to stay white we don't want to just be, you know, a big muddle. We just want to preserve our race." (F:\Bakersfield girl band Cute Klux Klan.htm, 2007, p.1) "We are proud of being white. We want our people to stay white we don't want to just be, you know, a big muddle. We just want to preserve our race." (F:\Bakersfield girl band Cute Klux Klan.htm, 2007, p.1)

References F:\Bakersfieldgirlbandcutekluxklan.htm F:\Bakersfieldgirlbandcutekluxklan.htm