1. A New South

2. Carpetbaggers
Carpetbaggers – Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction
Many were eventually elected or appointed to a position in the South’s new state government
Called carpetbaggers b/c they arrived in the South w/ suitcases made of carpet fabric
White Southern Democrats hated them!!!

3. Scalawags
Scalawags – white Southerners who worked with Republicans and supported Reconstruction
Scalawag is an old Scott-Irish term for a weak, underfed, worthless animals
White Southern Democrats hated them

4. Scalawags Scalawags were a diverse group of Southerners:
Small farm owners who didn’t want wealthy planters to regain control
Old Whigs who didn’t want to secede from the Union
Business people who favored the Reconstruction of the South for developing the Southern economy

5. A.A. and Politics
After gaining the right to vote, A.A. quickly began organizing politically
1st African Americans in politics…
Those who had lived in the North
Those who had been educated before the war
Those who had fought with the Union Army in the Civil War

6. A.A. in Government African Americans were in all levels of government…
Mayors, police chiefs, school commissioners, state legislatures
14 to the House of Reps, 2 Senators
Southern whites claimed that “Black Republicanism” ruled the South during Reconstruction
This was an exaggeration!!!

7. The Ku Klux Klan
Started in 1866 by former Confederate soldiers in Pulaski, Tennessee
The Klan spread rapidly through the South
Initial goal of the Klan…
Drive out Union troops and carpetbaggers
Regain control of the South for the Democratic Party
Terrorize A.A. to prevent them from voting and participating in gov’t
Keep white Republicans from voting

8. The Ku Klux Klan
Terrorized supporters of the Republican governments (mostly at night)
Broke up meetings
Drove Freedmen’s Bureau officials out of their communities
Burned African American homes, schools, and churches
Wore robes and masks to…
Cover their identity
Strike fear in anyone who saw them

9. Fighting Back
Republicans and African Americans formed their own militia groups
They fought back against the Klan
This only increased the violence in the South
The Klan was not going to stop!

10. Enforcement Acts
Grant and Congressional Republicans were outraged at the KKK’s activities
– Congress passed 3 Enforcement Acts to combat the violence in the South
First Act – made it a federal crime to interfere w/ a citizen’s right to vote
Second Act – put a federal elections under the supervisions of federal marshals

11. Enforcement Acts
Third Act – also known as the Ku Klux Klan Act – outlawed the activities of the Klan
Local authorities acting under the Enforcement Acts arrested more than 3,000 Klan members throughout the South
HOWEVER, Southern juries convicted only about 600
Even fewer people served jail time