The Laboring Self: Industrial Psychology and Work
ID: Grand Hysteria Other Comments regarding Significance: A term designating an complex form of hysteria as put forth by the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot, at the Salpetriere hospital in the 1880s. There were 4 distinct phases or stages that an hysteric would go through, including: tonic rigidity, clownism or dramatic movements, passionate states, and delirium. Charcot emphasized the physical and visual aspects of the disorder, documenting these phases with photography, a scientific and clinical tool in the asylum. The significance of this term was that it stressed the physical aspects of hysteria, and generated debate as to the interaction of suggestion and pathology. Other Comments regarding Significance: Broad influence of Charcot in 1880s (trained Freud) Debates over responsibility in hysteria (Bompard case) Linked religious and pathological views in his assessment of hysteria Could replicate stages with hypnosis—connected hypnosis with pathology
Walter Dill Scott (1869-1955) Psychology of Advertising (1908) Repetition Intensity Association Ingenuity
aspect of an advertisement Wrong Associations: Women buy shoes, but don’t buy bonds Symmetry as a pleasing aspect of an advertisement Walter Dill Scott, Psychology of Advertising, 1908
Doctor’s Recommendation Use of Sympathy Use of Suggestion: Doctor’s Recommendation Dill Scott, 1908
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) (1911)
Time-Studies
owned and operated by Bethlehem Steel Crucible steel shop owned and operated by Bethlehem Steel
Arsenal Factory circa 1960s Woman Working in Arsenal Factory Watertown, MA during war time
Frank and Lilian Gilbreth Time-Motion Studies
Motion Study of Bricklaying 1909 New more efficient method, designed to reduce motions Traditional method Gilbreth, Motion Study, 1911
Time and Motion Studies L.M. Gilbreth, The Psychology of Management (1914)
Gilbreth family: Cheaper by the Dozen The Gilbreth Family (12 children)
The Gilbreth Management Desk Exhibited at Chicago World Fair, 1933
Model kitchen Lillian Gilbreth designed to save the modern homemaker time and wasted motion (1929)
Mosso’s Ergograph (to measure muscle fatigue) 1884 Emil Kraepelin (German psychiatrist and psychologist) “principle of smallest muscle” from: Psychology Pictures/Archives of Dutch Psychology
Industrial Efficiency Hugo Münsterberg (1863-1917) Psychology and Industrial Efficiency (1913) “Psychotechnics”
Hawthorne Experiments relay assembly testroom from, Ballantyne, P.F. (2000) Hawthorne Research. Readers Guide to the Social Science London: Fitzroy Dearborn.
Management and the Worker (1939) helped to usher in the post WWII discipline of I/0 psychology: industrial/organizational psychology.