Exercise 6 Tissues. Organization of Tissues Types There are four major tissue types: 1.Epithelium 2.Connective 3.Muscle 4.Nervous.

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Presentation transcript:

Exercise 6 Tissues

Organization of Tissues Types There are four major tissue types: 1.Epithelium 2.Connective 3.Muscle 4.Nervous

Characteristics of Epithelial tissue High cellularity - lots of densely packed cells with … Specialized intercellular contacts - such as tight junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions. Basement membranes & other c.t. support - anchors to connective tissue. Polarity - it has an apical side and a basal side (a free edge and a fixed edge). Avascular - no blood supply. Receive oxygen and nutrients by diffusion Highly mitotic - cells readily regenerate.

Subcategories of epithelial tissue i.Simple 1.squamous 2.cuboidal 3.columnar ii.Stratified 1.squamous 2.cuboidal 3.columnar iii.Special (doesn’t fall neatly into either of the above) 1.Pseudostratified columnar 2.Transitional

Simple Squamous Top view Nucleus

Simple Cuboidal Nuclei

Simple Columnar Basement membrane Goblet cells

Pseudostratified columnar a.

Pseudostratified columnar b. Cilia

Stratified squamous

Keratinizing Stratified Squamous Keratin layer of dead cells

Stratified Cuboidal

Stratified Columnar Rare, found in the male urethra and few other places.

Transitional Found only in the urinary tract

Characteristics of Connective Tissue Common developmental origin - it is all from mesoderm Mostly well vascularized (except cartilages, tendons and ligaments) Low cellularity - the general arrangement is a variable (often scant) number of cells in a non-living matrix. The matrix: fibers of protein (collagen, elastic & reticular) ground substance (proteoglycans, cell adhesion molecules & interstial fluid

Connective tissue

Subcategories of Connective tissue i.Embryonic 1.Mesenchyme ii.Connective tissue proper 1.Loose a.Areolar b.Adipose c.Reticular 2.Dense a.Irregular (elastic or yellow) b.Regular (white fibrous) 3.Cartilage a.Hyaline b.Elastic c.Fibrocartilage 4.Bone (osseous) 5.Blood

Mesenchyme

Embryonic mesenchyme

Loose c.t.: areolar

Loose c.t.: reticular

Loose c.t.: adipose

Dense irregular c.t.

More dense irregular c.t.

Dense regular c.t.

Dense regular c.t.: tendon

Hyaline Cartilage

Elastic Cartilage

Bone: compact

Bone

Blood

Skeletal muscle l.sc.s.

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

Nervous tissue