1. Tissues Groups of cells performing similar functions
Grouped by cells and matrix
Structure determines function and function determines location
Four types
Histology - study of tissues

2. FOUR TYPES OF TISSUES
Nervous
Muscle
Epithelial
Connective

3. EPITHELIAL TISSUE More cells than matrix
Covers external body surfaces - some internal organs
Line body cavities
Some permeable

4. Epithelial Tissue Some secrete and absorb Makes up sense organs
Make up glands
Basement membrane present
Avascular

5. Grouped by cell shape
Squamous Columnar Cuboidal

6. Grouped by layering Simple is one layer
Stratified--more than one layer
Simple columnar epithelium of the gallbladder. - SEM

7. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
False layering
Nuclei at various depths within the cells
Contain goblet cells
Found in upper respiratory tract

8. Transitional Can be stretched - changes from cuboidal to squamous
Found in urinary bladder

9. Epithelial Tissue Review

11. Intercellular connections
Contain CAM (cell adhesion molecules)
Tight junctions: protect
Found in digestive tract
Belt desmosomes: permeability
Superficial skin
Gap junctions: communication
Cardiac muscle contractions

12. Endocrine glands Ductless glands Secrete inside
Inside blood or tissue fluids
Example: Hormones-adrenaline, sex hormones, etc.

13. Exocrine glands Secrete out to ducts (tubes)
Examples: sweat glands, mammary glands, salivary glands

14. CONNECTIVE TISSUE Grouped by cell type, matrix & fibers present
Most abundant
Bind & support
Store & transport
Defense
Highly vascular
(Except Cartilage = Avascular)

15. Connective Tissue Cell types: immune, bone, cartilage, fat & blood
Fiber types: elastic, reticular, & collagen
Matrix types: liquid, more dense than liquid, almost solid, solid

16. Connective Tissue Major Cell types WBC’s Fibroblasts
Mast cells (defense)
Adipose

17. Loose Connective Large intercellular space Most abundant
Around & cushions organs
Ex: Areolar, Adipose

18. Dense Connective Fiber arrangement determines type
Ex: Fibers parallel in fashion are –
Tendons, ligaments

19. Osseous (bone) tissue Dense connective More matrix than cells
Hardened calcium and flexible collagen
Cells and blood vessels in special arrangement

20. Cartilage Type of dense connective tissue
3 types – Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage
Only connective tissue that is avascular
Elastic cartilage in ear

21. Blood (Vascular) tissue
Liquid connective tissue
Matrix is liquid (plasma)
Cells known as formed elements
Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

22. Connective Tissue Overview

23. Muscle Tissue Muscle cells called muscle fibers
Three Types of Muscle Tissue:
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

24. Neural Tissue
Neurons –
nerve cells
Neuroglia – support cells

25. Membranes Mucous Membranes lines structures that open to outside
Digestive and respiratory tracts
Serous Membranes
surrounds organs and lines body cavities with no opening to outside
Pleura/ pericardium/ peritoneum (abdomen)
Synovial Membrane
- lines cavities of freely movable joints
Cutaneous Membrane = Skin