digital libraries internationally projects, applications, research in many countries © Tefko Saracevic Rutgers University /

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University2 URLs  description and URLs for all sources, projects, and examples in the lecture can be found at: LibEdu_home.htm  in the slides these are in italics & bold

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University3 libraries & digital age Libraries in the digital age are changing to new forms AND functions throughout the world  part is evolution  from old to new  part is revolution  very, very new Effects on libraries are profound and large everywhere

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University4 where did it all come from?  to some degree the same throughout the developed world  emergence of the digital information systems  online bibliographic & numeric databases for searching  online catalog followed by  electronic reference databases  full-text digital articles and journals  digitization & creation of digital collections  AND: new forms of scholarly communication  e-publications, & e-archives in many fields

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University5 technological imperative  same all over  all on networks, and most distributed (stored) all over  Internet – as network  Web – as from of realization  constant changes  tails that wags the dog

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University6 approaches  majority following the same principles  but adjusted to different concepts, cultures, needs, ideologies  AND economic conditions  digitization strategies:  include various special, unique collections, e.g. American Memory, Perseus  repeated in many places throughout the world

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University7 US approaches  two distinct, unrelated worlds:  research  agenda formulated by computer science  exemplified by Digital Libraries Initiatives  funded by NSF, NASA, DARPA, NIH, etc  practice  agenda formulated by large libraries and library associations  exemplified by LoC, DLF, & large academic libraries, as Berkeley  funded by federal, state and institutional funds, foundations, contributions …  large expenditures over years in each  particularly increasing in practice

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University8 European Union  to some extent similar to US  in research: project DELOS Network of Excelence on Digital Libraries  European research and educational program; many projects throughout EU  agenda also set by computer science  funded through EU budget – lots of euros.  practice: each country sets its own agenda  leaders national libraries, academic libraries – large universities  funded through national projects

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University9 UK  UKOLN. The UK Office for Library and Information Networking  “national focus of expertise in digital information management”  funds various big & small practical projects  Electronic Libraries Programme (eLib)  Strathclyde University, Centre for Digital Library Research - BUBL Information Service  The Stories on the Web

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University10 Germany  GLOBAL INFO - The German Digital Library Project  coordinates, plans  developing structure for scientific dl’s  behind UK efforts

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University11 Canada  Canadian Initiative on Digital Libraries (CIDL)  alliance for improving dl’s  some projects, more planning  not much overall

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University12 New Zealand  The New Zealand Digital Library  several demonstration collections in various fields  free software they developed  impressive effort  NZ also has strong research in digitization - music

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University13 international organizations  IFLA – largest, with many international sources  incl. DIGLIB – mailing list & archive  section on digital libraries  International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC)  over 150 consortia around the world

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University14 examples  academic libraries  Cambridge University Library, U.K.  Oxford University, U.K. - Bodley Library  unique historical collections  public libraries  Toronto Public Library - Canada

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University15 examples …  national libraries  Die Deutsche Bibliothek - National Library of Germany  Bibliothèque Nationale de France - National Library of France  specialized national collections  not very impressive compared to LoC

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University16 examples …  international efforts  Virtual Library - Switzerland, US, UK & other countries  original Web library  Public Library of Science  advocacy of open access  reaction to high journal prices

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University17 finding stuff worldwide  every country has own search engines – listed at  Search Engines Worldwide  1300 search engines from 170 countries  lists of libraries internationally  LoC Global Libraries  national libraries  Libweb, Sunsite Berkeley  library servers 100 countries

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University18 finding …  journals  Ariadne, UK, current developments  IFLA Journal - wealth of news  International Journal on Digital Libraries – scholarly  & as always: D-Lib Magazine

© Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University19