Lecture 17 2/27/06.

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Presentation transcript:

Lecture 17 2/27/06

Molecular structure and acid strength Binary Acids Within group: Across Row:

Molecular structure and acid strength Oxoacids with different central atoms H-O-Z- HOCl HOBr HOI Ka 3.5 x 10-8 2.5 x 10-9 2.3 x 10-11 electronegativity Cl (3.0) Br (2.8) I (2.5)

Molecular structure and acid strength Oxoacids with the same central atom HOCl HClO2 HClO3 HClO4 Ka 3.5 x 10-8 1.1 x 10-2 ~ 103 ~ 108 HNO2 vs. HNO3 H2SO3 vs. H2SO4

Carboxylic Acids (R-COOH) Acid strength related to R C5H11-COOH CH3-COOH CH2Cl-COOH CCl3-COOH Ka 1.4 x 10-5 1.8 x 10-5 1.4 x 10-3 3 x 10-1 hexanoic acid Acetic acid Chloroacetic acid trichloroacetic acid

Assign pH: (≤ 2, 2-6, 6-8, 8-12, ≥ 12) No calculators 0.1 M solutions HNO2 NH4Cl NaF Mg(CH3COO-)2 BaO KHSO4 NaHCO3 BaCl2

Put in order high pH to low (0.1 M solutions) KNO3 Na2SO4 CaO HBr C6H5COOH NaH