8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database Management: Introduction University of California, Berkeley School of Information Management and Systems SIMS 257: Database Management

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Course Overview Description of the Course Assignments Readings Grading Schedule Web site: ndex2.html ndex2.html

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Course Description This course is concerned with the design of the database itself -- not with the design of database systems software. –We will discuss DBMS internals only as they relate to the database and its design and structure We will spend some time on database application design -- but this will not be primary focus.

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Assignments Two kinds of assignments –Using a pre-built database for search and retrieval queries –Designing, populating, and running queries against your own database Types of database project –Individual »Work related »Course only –Group »Course related »SIMS project

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Readings Textbook is: –McFadden, F., Hoffer, J., & Prescott, M. Modern Database Management (fifth edition) Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, (ISBN ) –Lots of used copies in ASUC.

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Grading Grades will be based on: –Assignments (40%) –Personal/Group Database project (50%) –Class participation (10%)

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Schedule on website:

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson What is a Database?

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Files and Databases File: A collection of records or documents dealing with one organization, person, area or subject. (Rowley) –Manual (paper) files –Computer files Database: A collection of similar records with relationships between the records. (Rowley) –bibliographic, statistical, business data, images, etc.

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database A Database is a collection of stored operational data used by the application systems of some particular enterprise. (C.J. Date) –Paper “Databases” Still contain a large portion of the world’s knowledge –File-Based Data Processing Systems Early batch processing of (primarily) business data –Database Management Systems (DBMS)

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Why DBMS? History –50’s and 60’s all applications were custom built for particular needs –File based –Many similar/duplicative applications dealing with collections of business data –Early DBMS were extensions of programming languages – E.F. Codd and the Relational Model – Ashton-Tate & first Microcomputer DBMS

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson File Based Systems Naughty Nice Just what asked for Coal Estimation Delivery List Application File Toys Addresses Toys

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson From File Systems to DBMS Problems with File Processing systems –Inconsistent Data –Inflexibility –Limited Data Sharing –Poor enforcement of standards –Excessive program maintenance

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson DBMS Benefits Minimal Data Redundancy Consistency of Data Integration of Data Sharing of Data Ease of Application Development Uniform Security, Privacy, and Integrity Controls Data Accessibility and Responsiveness Data Independence Reduced Program Maintenance

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database Environment CASE Tools DBMS User Interface Application Programs RepositoryDatabase

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database Data Models: History Hierarchical Model (1960’s and 1970’s) –Similar to data structures in programming languages. Books (id, title) PublisherSubjects Authors (first, last)

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database Data Models: History Network Model (1970’s) –Provides for single entries of data and navigational “links” through chains of data. SubjectsBooks Authors Publishers

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database Data Models: History Relational Model (1980’s) –Provides a conceptually simple model for data as relations (typically considered “tables”) with all data visible.

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database Data Models: History Object Oriented Data Model (1990’s) –Encapsulates data and operations as “Objects” Books (id, title) PublisherSubjects Authors (first, last)

8/29/2000Database Management -- Fall R. Larson Database Data Models: History Object-Relational Model (1990’s) –Combines the well-known properties of the Relational Model with such OO features as: User-defined datatypes User-defined functions Inheritance and sub-classing