Europäische Kultur- und Kreativwirtschaft im globalen Kontext: Stand der Forschung Michael Söndermann Vorsitzender des Arbeitskreis Kulturstatistik, Bonn Working Group on Cultural Statistics, Bonn 4. Jahrestagung Kulturwirtschaft, Berlin 3./4. Mai 2007

National and international initiatives Creative industries - UK, Switzerland, New Zealand, China, India, Singapore, Korea, Brasil, Columbia, etc Copyright industries - USA, Australia, etc Cultural industries –Canada, Switzerland France, Germany (Berlin, Aachen) EU/EUROSTAT – Working Group on Cultural Statistics in the EU WIPO – Creative Industries Division, development of research methodology UNCTAD – Creative Economy & Industries Programme OECD – International Measurement of the Economic and Social Importance of Culture, SNA-based systems and Culture Satellite Accounts?

The scope of Creative Industries view from UNCTAD Creative Industries Visual Arts Literature and Publishing Architecture and Design Traditional knowledge Music Performing Arts Audio-Visuals Digital Animation and Multi-media Source: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development(UNCTAD), 2006; M.Söndermann/Arbeitskreis Kulturstatistik

Value of Creative Industries view from OECD Total gross value added contribution Europe (EU-30) 2003**2,6% By country United Kingdom 2003*8,6% France 2003*3,6% Germany 2004***2,9% USA 2002*4,5% Canada 2002*3,8% OECD initial estimates of the contribution of Culture & Creative Industries to gross domestic product (GDP) Source: *OECD estimate *UK OECD&DCMS (publishing=2,1%, electronic games=2,8%), **EU-GD Culture/study: The economy of culture, ***Arbeitskreis Kulturstatistik

Creative Industries in Germany development %-change of the enterprises (Unternehmen) and turnover (Umsatz) 218,000 enterprises, 121 billions € turnover, 950,000 employed persons Quelle: M. Söndermann, creative industries research unit, Zürich, 2007

Cultural Employment in Europe view from France/EUROSTAT Source: EU-25 survey, French ministry of Culture and Media/DEPS, Eurostat. Estimates Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, Romania, Bulgaria, Michael Söndermann/Arbeitskreis Kulturstatistik Cultural employment represents 3.1% of total EU employment

The Three - Sector Model of the Culture and Creative Sector view from the European point The three-sector model comprises the three sectors: the market, the state and the civil society. Market: Culture & Creative Industries Sector (mainly profit) In the private sector, the private industry-oriented creative industries define themselves in accordance with an independent branch logic. State: The Public Culture Sector (mainly non-profit) In the public sector, the state promotes art and culture through its legal instruments, guaranteeing primary cultural needs. The Civil Society Sector (mainly non-profit & informal Sector) In the intermediary sector, non-profit associations and organizations offer further cultural services.

Micro- Enterprises, Freelancers Majors Small and medium-sized enterprises ‘ The category of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is made up of enterprises which employ fewer than 250 persons and which have an annual turnover not exceeding 50 million euro, and/or an annual balance sheet total not exceeding 43 million euro.’ Extract of Article 2 of the Annex of Recommendation 2003/361/EC The scope of Creative Industries view from the European point

Global Creative Economy view from PricewaterhouseCoopers Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers, Global Entertainment and Media Market by Region 2006 PwC estimates the 2006 global entertainment and media market at about US $ 1,400 billions +5% +7% +9% +6%

Michael Söndermann Vorsitzender des Arbeitskreis Kulturstatistik, Bonn Working Group on Cultural Statistics, Bonn Member creative industries research unit, Zürich 4. Jahrestagung Kulturwirtschaft, Berlin 3./4. Mai More information at the information desk “Aktuelle Daten zur Kulturwirtschaft in Deutschland”, 2. Mai 2007