GIS Joel, Matt, Nic & Lexi BA 471 – Prof. Reitsma February 13, 2006

What is GIS?  Drawn maps  1854 Cholera breakout  1950’s railway management  Technology boom  History & Development of GIS Figure 1.1Automated MappingFigure 1.2Thematic MappingFigure 1.3Modeling  Uses for GIS  GIS & Logistics

Vector and Raster ► Cannot use both at once ► Raster  Rows and Columns  Pixels with defined attributes  Discontinous space  Superior for computation ► Vector  User defined area  Object identifiers  Continous space  Spacial and thematic database  Superior for precise graphic

Urban Land Usage and Planning ► Governmental Planning ► Transit--Transit was an early adopter of GIS ► Portland’s Trimet  Real-time route information  Internal usage ► GIS in Planning and System Operations  The Metro Regional Authority  Internal Usage  External Usage

Private Land Usage ► Increased Adoption of GIS ► Factors driving increased utilization  Readily available data  Efficient project analysis  Cost savings  Property development consultancies ► Available Information  Demographics  Industry Clusters  Other Attributes ► Public/Private Collaboration

Insurance Risk Assessment ► Why Mapping? ► Easy and quick to access valuable information ► Recognize patterns and trends ► Serve existing customers ► Develop new business ► Uses ► Risk Management ► Claims ► Marketing

Insurance Risk Assessment Cont. ► Influences ► 9/11 ► Terrorism ► Natural/Manmade Disasters ► Redlining ► Benefits ► Lower costs ► Customers ► Better Decisions

Governmental Uses ► National Level ► Establish and regulate policies ► US Gov uses GIS to evaluate Census results ► Homeland Security ► Military Defense ► Local Level ► Fire/Emergency Medical Services/Disasters ► Transportation ► Law Enforcement

Marketing & GIS ► Brief History of GIS in Marketing ► GIS Uses to Marketers  Appeal  Retain ► How its Done  Statistical Analysis ► Next Step  Fixing Errors in the System  New Findings to Benefit Marketers

Farming & GIS Early Innovations Early Innovations GPS GPS Homogenous vs. Variable Treatments Homogenous vs. Variable Treatments Precision Farming Precision Farming Mathematical Models Mathematical Models  Maps  GPS Measurements  Yield Maps  Aerial Satellite Images  Fertilizer and other variable application maps Future for GIS & Farming Future for GIS & Farming  Environmental Awareness  Population Growth  Natural Resource Depletion

Future of GIS ► Future  Increasingly democratized & accessible  Moving towards standardization  Combining Vector & Raster into Hybrid

Any Questions?