Chapter Six Early Medieval and Romanesque Europe Prepared by Kelly Donahue-Wallace Randal Wallace University of North Texas Gardner's Art through the Ages, Concise Edition by Fred Kleiner

Early Medieval: Hiberno-Saxon Dates and Places: 7 th -9 th century British Isles People: Christians In monasteries Working in scriptoria Living in isolation Crucifixion, Lindau Gospels, ca Fig. 6-1.

Early Medieval: Hiberno-Saxon Themes: Gospel books Symbolic images Forms: Interlace inherited from warrior lords Stylized human and animal forms Illuminated Chi-rho-iota page, Book of Kells, late eighth or early ninth century. Fig. 6-4.

Early Medieval: Hiberno- Saxon Carpet page, Lindisfarne Gospels, ca. 698–721. Fig. 6-3.

Early Medieval: Hiberno-Saxon Example: Illuminated manuscript Carpet page before gospel text Interlace with zoomorphic forms No narrative Carpet page, Lindisfarne Gospels, ca. 698–721. Fig. 6-3.

Early Medieval: Carolingian Dates and Places: France People: Charlemagne, Holy Roman Emperor Revival of Roman Empire Importance of learning Saint Matthew, Coronation Gospels, ca. 800–810. Fig. 6-5.

Early Medieval: Carolingian Themes: Gospel books Monastery Forms: Illusionism Local traditions Monastic compound with basilica Saint Matthew, Ebbo Gospels, ca. 816–835. Fig. 6-6.

Early Medieval: Carolingian Palatine Chapel, 792–805. Fig Plan of the Palatine Chapel, 792–805. Fig. 6-7.

Early Medieval: Carolingian Example: Central plan inspired by Ravenna Byzantine style Renewal of architecture of Christian Rome Charlemagne’s palace chapel Plan of the Palatine Chapel, 792– 805. Fig. 6-7.

Early Medieval: Ottonian Dates and Places: France People: Heirs of Charlemagne Inspired by Rome Crucifix, ca Fig

Early Medieval: Ottonian Themes: Biblical themes Church Forms: Stylized and conceptual figures Expressive exaggeration Basilica Section and plan Saint Michael’s, 1001–1031. Fig

Early Medieval: Ottonian Doors, Saint Michael’s, Fig Saint Michael’s,1001–1031. Fig

Early Medieval: Ottonian Example: Basilica Towers at both ends Alternate-support system Modular plan based on crossing Two transepts Saint Michael’s,1001–1031. Fig

Early Medieval: Ottonian Example: Patron is Bishop Bernward Inspired by Early Christian doors Old and New Testament in bronze Prefiguration Expressive exaggeration Doors, Saint Michael’s, Fig