1. Historical Timeline Hiberno-Saxon Art - 6 th -8 th C - British Isles Viking Art - 8 th - 11 th C. - Scandinavia/Normandy Carolinian Art - 8 th -9 th C. - France/Germany Ottonian Art - 10 th -early 11 th C. - Germany Some Roman technology lost to history Beginning with Charlemagne, rule is more stable Patronage and Artistic Life Monasteries principle centers of learning and book production. Artists were not original and did not say something fresh or new Scribes and illustrators had specific jobs Charlemagne specific wanted to correct mis- translations Book production in scriptoria Illuminations in the text -Initial capital letter highly decorated Saxon art - cloisonne ART HISTORY STUDY GUIDE: Early Medieval Key Ideas: Zoomorphic and interlace patterns Art of Warrior Lords - portable artwork Court of Charlemagne wants to revive the great Roman Empire and revives those styles Ottonian empire revives - large scale art and architecture Middle Ages was formerly thought to be a period of artistic stagnation and void between two great periods -Roman and Renaissance, but this not the case

2. ART HISTORY STUDY GUIDE: Early Medieval Innovations in Architecture Westworks - towers incorporated into the main structure usually at the entrance. Double transept at St. Michaels Cruciform church structures Alternating support structure for nave arcade - compound piers (weight bearing structures with pilasters or engaged columns) alternate with columns

3. Innovations in Painting Manuscript art Illuminated Carpet pages Author portraits Colophon Different types of books (psalters, sacramentaries, brevaries…..) Innovations in Sculpture Viking - piercing, and negative voids Merging of Roman and Byzantine/Early Christian Christ on Cross - sagging body indicating weight, shows suffering Large Bronze doors - positioning of images indicates pre-figuration Genesis juxtaposed with Life of Christ ART HISTORY STUDY GUIDE: Early Medieval Major Artistic Characteristics: H H Hiberno-Saxon - Zoomorphic and interlace; portable, books, stone cross monuments with 4 arcs Viking Art - Zoomorphic and interlace; applied or engraved on functional objects Carolingian art - Westworks on church; cloisters; painting- Roman and Byzantine influence Ottonian - influenced by Roman and Early Christian, Large Stone Churches, large scale sculpture

4. Vocabulary Fibula Cloisonné Hiberno-Saxon Insular art Gospel book Breviaries Sacramentaries Benedictionaries Psalters Carpet page Colophon Author portrait Imago hominis Mozarabic Carolus Magnus Westwork Treaty of Verdun Names you should know Charlemagne Benedict of Nursia Cistercians Otto I Otto II Otto III Bishop Bernward Images You Should Know Book of Durrow Emeterius, the tower and scriptorium of San Salvador de Tabara colophon St. Matthew, Coronation Gospels Palatine Chapel St. Matthew, Ebbo Gospels Chi-Rho-Iota page from Book of Kells Equestrian Portrait of Charlemagne Doors with relief panels, St. Michael’s Christ Blessing Otto II and Theophana Crucifix commissioned by Archbishop Gero for Cologne Cathedral ART HISTORY STUDY GUIDE: Early Medieval Innovations in Luxury/Alternative Arts: Cloisonne: Fibula, Purse cover