Japanese Spatial Data Infrastructure Initiatives Shin-ichi Sobue National Space Development Agency of Japan Earth Observation Planning Department

Problem Scattering data archive and dissemination –Earth observation satellite data archive and dissemination by government (STA/NASDA & EA & MITI) + private sector (Mitsubishi, Hitachi, IMI/NTT-D) –DEM data archive and dissemination by GSI / MOC –Other GIS related data archive and dissemination by national / local government / Private sectors (aerial photo companies, VAR)

Problem Points Standard –No standard for metadata, data format?, etc... Data policy –Commercialization Needs –Aerial photo is enough for Japanese GIS Do we really need EO satellite data to GIS??? –For spatial small country with fine high resolution DEM by GSI (1/1, 000)

Standards Metadata –No activity to coordinate between STA/NASDA and other entities including private sectors yet. Different interest of data Data Format –CEOS Superstructure and/or HDF is not adopted by private sectors although public agencies adopt

Data Policy Pricing Data quality –Calibration / Validation

JERS-1 ・ Launch ： Feb ・ Mass: 1.4ton ・ Life time ： 2y （ 6.5 ｙ） ・ Instrument ＳＡＲ ＶＮＩＲ ＳＷＩＲ JERS-1 ・ Launch ： Feb ・ Mass: 1.4ton ・ Life time ： 2y （ 6.5 ｙ） ・ Instrument ＳＡＲ ＶＮＩＲ ＳＷＩＲ ALOS Cartography Regional environmental monitoring Disaster monitoring Earth resources survey ・ Target launch ： Aug ・ Mass: 3.9ton ・ Mission life ： 3y ・ Instrument ＰＡＬＳＡＲ ＡＶＮＩＲ－ＩＩ ＰＲＩＳＭ ALOS Cartography Regional environmental monitoring Disaster monitoring Earth resources survey ・ Target launch ： Aug ・ Mass: 3.9ton ・ Mission life ： 3y ・ Instrument ＰＡＬＳＡＲ ＡＶＮＩＲ－ＩＩ ＰＲＩＳＭ ALOS Follow-on Demonstrating Practical data use High-resolutional multi-channel optical sensor High-resolutional Synthetic Aperture Radar ALOS Follow-on Demonstrating Practical data use High-resolutional multi-channel optical sensor High-resolutional Synthetic Aperture Radar ALOS series (Land Observation) ADEOS ・ Launch ： Aug ・ Mass: 3.6ton ・ Mission life ：３ y (1y) ・ Instrument ＯＣＴＳ ＡＶＮＩＲ ＩＭＧ ＩＬＡＳ ＮＳＣＡＴ ＴＯＭＳ ＰＯＬＤＥＲ ＲＩＳ ADEOS ・ Launch ： Aug ・ Mass: 3.6ton ・ Mission life ：３ y (1y) ・ Instrument ＯＣＴＳ ＡＶＮＩＲ ＩＭＧ ＩＬＡＳ ＮＳＣＡＴ ＴＯＭＳ ＰＯＬＤＥＲ ＲＩＳ Information Gathering Satellite National security Disaster monitoring ・ Target launch ： High-resolutional optical sensor High-resolutional Synthetic Aperture Radar Information Gathering Satellite National security Disaster monitoring ・ Target launch ： High-resolutional optical sensor High-resolutional Synthetic Aperture Radar Mission Oriented Operational Satellite Mission Oriented Operational Satellite

Main Characteristics Mass3.9 tons OrbitSun-synchronous Subrecurrent Altitude 800km Mission Period Main Characteristics Mass3.9 tons OrbitSun-synchronous Subrecurrent Altitude 800km Mission Period Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Observing Sensors Panchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM) Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer type 2 (AVNIR-2) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) Observing Sensors Panchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM) Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer type 2 (AVNIR-2) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR)

ALOS Launch Mass : ~4 t Altitude : ~ km Inclination : ~98.16 deg. (Sun-synchronous Sub-recurrent) Repeat cycle : 46 days, (Sub cycle 2 days) Power : ~7KW Attitude Control : 3 Axis Zero-momentum Attitude Determination Accuracy : 2.0 * deg Potion Determination Accuracy : 1 m Data Rate :240Mbps (DRTS) / 120Mbps (DT) Mission Life : 3-5 years Data Transmission : Via DRTS (primary) PALSAR is developed jointly between JAROS and NASDA PRISM (simulated data) ADEOS/AVNIR JERS-1/SAR

NASDA ALOS Data Policy NASDA Law UN Remote Sensing Principles …Law/Resolution …National Plans u Program of the Office of Earth Observation Systems - Three Main goals - (1) Contribution to Earth Science (2) Promotion of Practical Use (3) Technology Development u ALOS Data Policy …NASDA Plans …NASDA Data Policy u Fundamental Policy for Japan’s Space Activities (1996) u Space Development Plan (annual)

NASDA Missions and Expected Roles Contribution to Earth Science Technology Development ADEOS- Ⅱ AMSR-E TRMM ALOS Japanese Distributor NASDA Promotion of public use Promotion of Practical Use Data Node Promotion of commercial use ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ △ △ ○ ◎ ◎ △ ◎ ◎ △ : not primarily expected ○ : expected ◎ : strongly expected

NASDA ALOS Data Policy Principles Open and non-discriminatory access to data; Data use exclusively for peaceful purposes; No more than cost of reproduction for all data issued from NASDA (Royalty will be charged for commercially distributed data).

NASDA ALOS Data Policy Pricing Policy Open data on the web (limited data: catalog data, disaster, public relations) NASDA internal use (including PIs) Research and Public Use = Cost of reproduction Other General Purposes (distributed by a Distributor) = Data will be provided from NASDA to the Distributor at cost of reproduction and royalty (approx. 10%) → Customer Price will be determined by the Distributor

GIS implementation Governmental initiative –Inter-ministry committee for GIS Long term plan to implement national spatial data infrastructure and promotion of GIS Standardization of national spatial data infrastructure and implementation plan –96-98 : Development of infrastructure –98-00 : Promotion of GIS (data exchange, policy of inter- use of GIS) –ISO/TC211 national meeting –Spatial Data Standardization Committee

GIS implementation Government Initiative (2/2) –Administrative information promotion plan –Development of on-line system for administrative information –Implementation plan for national spatial data information system (1/2,500 for urban area, 1/25,000 for national level from JFY2000) Joint effort between public and government –NSDIPA (National Spatial Data Infrastructure Promotion Association)

GIS related activity in Japan ISCGM by GSI –Global mapping projects by satellite data –DEM Next Generation GIS R & D by MITI Clearing House (prototype) for SDI by NLA/MOC & MHA OpenGIS participation – Only companies (NTT, KDD, Hitachi, etc.)

ALOS for GIS Joint Research –With GSI to create Asia Pacific DEM by using ALOS PRISM –With EA to create seasonal vegetation map of Japan Pilot Projects with local government –Gunma, Hokkaido, Fukuoka, Okinawa, etc. International Pilot Projects –Thailand, Indonesia GIS for agriculture

Earth Observation data promotion center (Concept) ALOS Data reception, Processing Data Analysis System Data set generation EORC S/W Data Promotion Center Training and Analysis Visualization User support Software develop for end users Users Data Archive Data Network Earth Observation Information System Pilot Project Systems Partners