1. a. What is shown here? weather or climate ? b. What is the local time (MDT) this analysis is valid for?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Weather Review.

Advertisements

Earth’s Global Energy Balance Overview

Why the Earth has seasons  Earth revolves in elliptical path around sun every 365 days.  Earth rotates counterclockwise or eastward every 24 hours.

Chapter 3 – Energy Balance and Temperature. The Fate of Solar Radiation We owe it all to the sun… 3 things can happen to solar (and all) radiation: 1)

Chapter 17 Study Guide Answers

Chapter 26 The Atmosphere, Energy in Processes, Insolation, Specific Heat, & Isotherms BFRB Topic 5 & Topic 6.

Weather World Geography Notes 1.5. Atmosphere Atmosphere is a thin layer of gases This protects the surface from Temperature extremes (acts as insulation)

1. Here are three maps depicting the current drought in the West. Shown on these maps are …… [choose one] departures from the local climatology; longterm.

1. What is shown here? weather or climate ? analysis valid 18 UTC on 4 Oct 2005.

Part 1. Energy and Mass Chapter 3. Energy Balance and Temperature.

1. What is shown here? weather or climate ? 2. What has been the main source of the CO2 emissions shown in yellow below?

1. weather or climate ?. 2. weather or climate ?

Visualizing Physical Geography Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Publishers Inc. Chapter 3 Air Temperature.

Climate is the state factor that most strongly governs the global pattern of ecosystem structure and function.

Air Quality and Climate Change. Coal and Oil Formation Both are Fossil Fuels: remains of plants and animals that died anywhere from 400 million to 1 million.

Climate Change UNIT 3 Chapter 7: Earth’s Climate System

Visualizing Physical Geography Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Publishers Inc. Chapter 2 The Earth’s Global Energy Balance.

1 Met 10 Weather Processes Jeff Gawrych Temperature, Heat Transfer and Earth’s Energy Balance.

Ozone Creation. Chapter 4 Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances Geosystems 6e An Introduction to Physical Geography Robert W. Christopherson Charles.

The Atmosphere. Did you know we are on our 3 atmosphere on Earth? Earth’s original atmosphere was probably just hydrogen and helium, because these were.

Ch 17 - The Atmosphere Vocab Charts (Example) WordDefinitionPicture Weather the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place.

INSOLATION Here comes the Sun… hehehehehehe. How Does Heat Energy Travel? Heat is a form of energy because it can do work. There are three ways that heat.

Radiation in the Atmosphere (Cont.). Cloud Effects (2) Cloud effects – occur only when clouds are present. (a) Absorption of the radiant energy by the.

Midterm #1 - Wednesday!!! Bring a scantron sheet!!!!! No OH’s this week again (last time – I promise) Midterm Review Tonight Broida Hall1610 starting 6:30!!

Overview of the Earth’s Atmosphere Composition – 99% of the atmosphere is within 30km of the Earth’s surface. – N 2 78% and O 2 21% – The percentages represent.

3.3 Natural Factors Affect Climate Change – Part 1 (p. 212 – 217)

The Greenhouse Effect. What controls climate? Energy from the Sun – Radiation! Consider the 4 inner planets of the solar system: SUN 342 W m W.

Chapter 3: Air Temperature Daily temperature variations Daily temperature variations The controls of temperature The controls of temperature Air temperature.

Air, Weather, and Climate

Ch3: Energy Balance and Temperature. 1.About the first in-class assignment 2.About reading the textbook.

Earth’s Energy Balance 100 units of solar radiation hits the top of the atmosphere 100 units of solar radiation hits the top of the atmosphere Surface.

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology, 12 th Lutgens Tarbuck Lectures by: Heather Gallacher, Cleveland.

The Atmosphere: Energy Transfer & Properties Weather Unit Science 10.

Ocean Currents Ocean Density. Energy in = energy out Half of solar radiation reaches Earth The atmosphere is transparent to shortwave but absorbs longwave.

Insolation and the Greenhouse Effect Energy in Earth’s Atmosphere.

Meteorology Lecture 1 Weather and Climate Review.

Energy Balance Chapter 18.

Understanding the Greenhouse Effect:  Learning Objectives : 1) Relate strength of the greenhouse effect to common experience (i.e. its generally warmer.

Earth’s Energy Balance

Chapter 3 Solar and Terrestrial Radiation. Driving Question How does energy flow into and out of the Earth-Atmosphere system? Law of Energy Conservation.

Solar Energy Heat and Light. Energy Can take many different forms –____________ –Heat –____________.

Lecture 3: Radiation and Earth’s Atmosphere EarthsClimate_Web_Chapter.pdfEarthsClimate_Web_Chapter.pdf, p. 1-5 For more advanced reading materials, please.

GEOG 1112: Weather and Climate Global Energy System Sept 11, 2014.

Incoming & Outgoing of Energy of the Earth. The Earth’s Energy Balance The Earth's average temperature remains fairly constant from year to year. Therefore,

Heat in the Atmosphere The sun’s energy is transferred to earth and the atmosphere three ways Radiation, Convection and Conduction.

Atmospheric Moisture.

1. The atmosphere 2 © Zanichelli editore 2015 Characteristics of the atmosphere 3 © Zanichelli editore 2015.

Climate and Global Change Notes 17-1 Earth’s Radiation & Energy Budget Resulting Seasonal and Daily Temperature Variations Vertical Temperature Variation.

Chapter 4 Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances Geosystems 6e An Introduction to Physical Geography Robert W. Christopherson Charles E. Thomsen.

Earth’s Energy Budget. Modes of Energy Travel Heat Energy can be transferred in three specific ways: Heat Energy can be transferred in three specific.

Wednesday April 11, 2012 (Atmospheric Heating and Temperature)

How does variability in the earth’s physical structure affect the transformations of energy? - albedo of different “spheres”; clouds What is the physical.

Atmosphere-ocean interactions Exchange of energy between oceans & atmosphere affects character of each In oceans –Atmospheric processes alter salinity.

Topic 5A INSOLATION. WORDS TO KNOW Radiation Insolation Intensity Altitude Zenith Latitude Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn Solstice Equinox Duration.

Lecture 5 reading assignm: A&K finish Ch 3, Ch 4. Hartmann 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.12 Lapse rate, change in T with height Atmospheric water: quantifying water.

Chapter 17 Study Guide Answers

Weather and Climate Weather and Climate are Two Different Things

Disciplines of Science, ch. 16

Fig. 2 shows the relationship between air temperature and relative humidity. 2 (a) (i) Describe the relationship shown in Fig. 2. [3] (ii) State.

The course finished last lesson but what are you missing?

FIGURE 2.1 Comparison of Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit scales.

Weather & Climate – MTDI 1200OL Plymouth State University

Fig. 2 shows the relationship between air temperature and relative humidity. (a) (i) Describe the relationship shown in Fig. 2. [3] (ii) State.

Composition, Structure, & Heat Budget

The Atmosphere.

Average Distribution of Incoming Solar Radiation

FIGURE 2.10 Sunlight warms the earth’s surface only during the day, whereas the surface constantly emits infrared radiation upward during the day and at.

Presentation transcript:

1. a. What is shown here? weather or climate ? b. What is the local time (MDT) this analysis is valid for?

2. Imagine, hypothetically, that the Earth surface cooled off, e.g. because the solar constant decreased. The Earth cooled off so much that the wavelength at which most terrestrial radiation is emitted increased to 15 micron. What would the main greenhouse gas be in this scenario? 15

3. Choose from any of these three planets. Which one has the (a) highest surface pressure (b) highest planetary albedo (c) highest surface temperature Mars EarthVenus

4. a.What is the chemical cycle shown below called? b.What is the name of the gas being cycled? c. In what region of the atmosphere is this gas mostly found? d. What drives this cycle? O 2 +h  2O ( <0.25  m - UV-c) O + O 2 + M  O 3 + M O 3 +h  O + O 2 ( <0.31  m - UV-b) O + O 3  2 O 2 Formation: Destruction:

Why is the sky up high blue? Why is the horizon near sunset orange? 5

6a. What is the wind speed & direction in Laramie (LAR) at this time? b. What is the weather in Rawlins (RWL)? c. What is the dewpoint in Riverton (RIW)?

7. In what layer does weather occur?

8. Is water vapor (a) a greenhouse gas? (yes/no) (b) uniformly mixed in the troposphere? (yes/no) (c) more abundant than ice on Earth? (yes/no)

9. (a) How much is the net shortwave (solar) radiation received by the atmosphere, in units of the Fig below? (b) How much is the net longwave (terrestrial) radiation lost by the atmosphere? (c) How much is the net radiative energy loss/gain in the atmosphere? (d) Is this a net loss or a net gain? (e) what prevents the atmosphere from heating up (cooling down) if you said a gain (loss) in (d)?

10. The highlighted region experiences cold/warm air advection. temperature (C)

11. Look at the image below. (a) Does this imply that it should be colder/warmer at high latitudes? (b) How is the heat transfer from low to high latitudes accomplished?

12. Explain this paradox: the Earth is closer to the Sun in January than in July, yet it is colder in January in the northern hemisphere. perihelion aphelion

13. Laramie vs. Eureka CA (same latitude) a. Which place is wettest in winter? b. Where is the daily temperature range largest? c. Where is the annual temperature range largest? d. Explain (b) and (c).

14. a. Why are inversions common in during clear, calm nights? b. Why do such inversions tend to be stronger in valleys?

15. For the green dot, determine (a) temperature (b) vapor pressure (c) saturation vapor pressure (d) wet-bulb temperature (e) dewpoint please add units to all values

16. Cool air at the green dot down to 0°C (a) what is its new relative humidity? (b) what is its new vapor pressure? (c) what is its new dewpoint? please add units to all values

dewpoint 17. Why is it that relative humidity tends to vary in opposition to temperature during the course of a day?

18. Imagine you are working out on a hot day. Explain the advantages of (a) staying in the shade, and (b) feeling a breeze.

19. About latent heating in the global energy balance (a)In what direction is latent heat transferred? (up or down) (b)Why is this heat transfer called “latent”? (c)Indicate specifically where the cooling and the warming occur (at the Earth surface, in the clouds, when rain hits the ground …)

20. Note the wiggles in the trend of atmospheric CO 2 concentration. CO 2 peaks in winter (Feb) and is a minimum in summer (Aug). What causes this annual cycle?

21. In the past two million years BP, there were several glacial periods, and interglacials (as we experience today). During the glacials, the CO 2 and CH 4 concentrations were much lower than during the interglacials (see below). In fact temperature and greenhouse gases varied in sync. How do we know this? (i.e. how are measurements, such as those shown below, made?)