1 Psychology 1230: Psychology of Adolescence Don Hartmann Fall 2005 © Lecture 23a: Adolescent Problems I

2 Quiz 3 Information Schedule: Quiz 3 is scheduled for Wednesday during class time. Please be prompt, as I will not allow extra time for stragglers Content: (chapters 10-14, lectures #17-23b, handouts, etc. will contain the following: –7-9 questions from each chapter, –3-4 items from each lecture, and –0-1 questions from each handout. The items will total ≈43 in number.

3 Quiz 3 Information A review session for Quiz 3 is scheduled for Rm. 604, BS at 10:30- 11:30 on Tuesday, December 3 rd Quiz 3 is scheduled for Wednesday during class time. Please be prompt, as I can not allow extra time for stragglers Approximately 80% of the multiple choice items will come from the study guides. The MC portion of the quiz will contain items (chapters 10-14, lectures #17-23, handouts, etc.) from the following sources: –3-5 questions from each chapter, –1-2 items from each lecture, and –0-1 questions from each handout. The essay portion will include 3-5 relatively brief essay questions taken from the study guides. You will have some choice over which questions you can choose to answer

4 WEB Discussion Process Group#3 due#4 due#5 due Whippets10/27 (10/26)11/14**Disbanded 4♀+1♂10/28 (10/28)11/18 (11/18)12/12 JusticeLeague11/15**Disbanded PithHelmets11/09 (11/09)11/28 MAJACS10/25 (10/25)11/11 (11/11)12/07 Psyched12/ Note: Anyone can contribute to any WEB discussion; group members are responsible to summarizing the discussion. The last day to contribute to any discussion is 3 days before the due date. Dates in parenthesis indicate the date handed in. Bolded dates indicate that material handed in was incomplete; more is required. **Where is the summary??

5 Handout Summary Handout WEB Date Date 40. Lect. #17: Autonomy11/ Handout: Supplemental Project #211/ Handout: Supplemental Project #311/ Lect. #17b: Family Conflict11/ Study Guide #1011/ Lect. #18: Peers11/ Lect. #19: Peers II: Pop. & Friendship11/ Lect. #20: Bullying11/ Study Guide #11(corrected)11/ Lect. #21: Schools11/ Study Guide #1211/ Lect. #22a: Achievement11/ Study Guide #1311/ Study Guide #1411/ Lect. #23a: Adolescent Problems I12/01

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7 Supplementary Reading Maston, A. S., & Coatsworth, J. D. (1998). The development of competence in favorable and unfavorable environments: Lessons from research on successful children. American Psychologist, 53, Dryfoos, J. G. (1990). Adolescents at risk: Prevalence and prevention. New York: Oxford University Press. On eating disorders: ( On Utah teen suicides: health.utah.gov/vipp/suicide/youthSuicide.html

8 Overview: Adolescent Problems I & II Introduction Risk, Resilience, and Pathways Intervention: Treatment & Prevention –Illustration involving drugs –Illustration involving teen suicide Overlaps with text, pp , , 536 Quiz 3 on Wednesday, Quiz 4 next Tuesday.

9 Introduction to Problems: I Perspective on Problems –Large problems often associated with multiple problems –Adolescent rates similar to older children and to young adults Differ in unwanted pregnancies, involvement in drugs, auto theft, suicide

10 Introduction to Problems: II Common Problems –Adolescents likely to be referred to mental health facilities because of problems related to depression and related to school difficulties –Lower SES adolescents have more problems than middle ‑ class adolescent –Girls and middle ‑ class adolescents were more likely to have internalizing problems (e.g., anxiety & eating disorders) –Boys and lower SES adolescents were more likely to be characterized by externalizing problems (e.g., fighting)

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12 Risk, Resilience, and Pathways Risk Factors: –If we identify an antecedent as A 1 and a later outcome as O 2, and A 1 is correlated with O 2, then A 1 is a risk factor for O 2 Resilience Factors: –If not all of the people who have A 1 (say those individuals who have A 1 but have an IQ>125 don’t have a poor outcome, an IQ>125 is referred to as a resilience factor

13 Pathways A Developmental Pathway is a way of getting from one status early in development to some other (perhaps pathological status) at a later time. Coercive family environment Poor monitoring Deviant Peers Coercive Family Interactions Deviant Peers Poor Monitoring Adult Criminal Behavior

14 More on Pathways Typically there is more than one developmental pathway to an outcome Nurturant Family Envir. Parents serve as criminal models Adult Criminal Behavior When there is more than one developmental pathway to an outcome, the term “equifinality” is sometimes used.

15 Treatment versus Prevention: I Because of resource limitations, only few can be treated Using limited resources: –Focusing on the problem person: triage those that won't get better, even if treated, don't treat those that will get better anyway (most drug explorers), don't treat those who will only get better with treatment, treat!

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17 Treatment versus Prevention: II Focusing on prevention: Primary prevention: treating people at risk, but who do not yet have the disorder Secondary prevention: treating people who have the disorder to cure the disorder Tertiary prevention: keeping people who have the disease from getting worse

18 Risk versus Prevention Risk studies are those that look at factors that are associated with engaging versus not engaging in the target behavior (e.g., drug taking). These are correlational studies. Prevention studies aim to identify the aspects of primary prevention programs that reduce the incidence of the target behavior. These are experimental investigations

19 Summary: Adolescent Problems I Risk, Resilience, and Pathways Prevention vs. Treatment Go in Peace