Submitted by: Rahul Rastogi, CS Department

 Introduction  What is a smart card?  Better than magnetic stripe card.  Technology What’s in a card? Memory in Smart Cards Working Mechanism  Security Features  Applications  Smart Cards in India  Future of smart cards in India  Conclusion

 Many cards we carry daily for different purposes, may it be magnetic stripe card or some other plastic cards why carry too many cards if a single card- SMART CARD can serve all purposes!!!!

 A smart card is a card that is embedded with either a microprocessor and a memory chip or only a memory chip with non-programmable logic. The microprocessor card can add, delete, and otherwise manipulate information on the card, while a memory-chip card (for example, pre-paid phone cards) can only undertake a pre- defined operation

 Advantages of Smart Cards Compared to magnetic stripe cards, smart cards have many advantages: Smart cards can hold up to 32 KB of data while magnetic cards as seen earlier can hold only around 1000 bits. This allows the card-transaction participants (card company, acquiring bank, issuing bank, retailers etc.) to store a lot of additional information on the card. Data on a smart card can be protected against unauthorized viewing. As a result of this confidential data (PIN, Passwords) can be stored on a smart card. This means, merchants do not have to go online every time to authenticate a transaction. A single smart card can house multiple applications. Just one card can be used as your license, passport, credit card, ATM card, ID Card etc. Life of a smart card is longer.  Data stored on magnetic stripe cards can be easily read and modified by someone with access to the right kind of equipment.

 What’s in a Card?  Memory in smart cards ◦ Typical Configuration  Pin Configuration  Working Mechanism  Examples of Smart Card readers

Vcc RSTCLK RFU Vpp I/O GND RFU

 databus:  connection between elements of the chip  8 or 16 bits wide CPU RAM test logic ROM EEPROM serial i/o interface security logic databus

 ROM ◦ Data stored in ROM cannot be modified, or can be modified only slowly or with difficulty, so it is mainly used to distribute firmware (software that is very closely tied to specifichardware, and unlikely to need frequent updates).firmwaresoftwarehardware  EEPROM ◦ data stored in EEPROM is persistent, and is kept when power is lost  RAM ◦ data stored in RAM is transient, and is lost as soon as power is lost

Pin Configuration Pin Configuration

 256 bytes to 4KB RAM.  8KB to 32KB ROM.  1KB to 32KB EEPROM.  Crypto-coprocessors are optional.  8-bit to 16-bit CPU based designs are common. The price of a mid-level chip when produced in bulk is less than US$1.

 The terminal/PC sends commands to the card (through the serial line).  The card executes the command and sends back the reply.  The terminal/PC cannot directly access memory of the card ◦ data in the card is protected from unauthorized access via some password or needs biometric verification. This is what makes the card smart.

 Dedicated terminals Usually with a small screen, keypad, printer, often also have biometric devices such as thumb print scanner. Computer based readers Connect through USB or COM (Serial) ports

 An important aspect to smart cards to prevent unauthorized users from gaining access to information contained on the card.  The advantage smart cards have over magnetic stripe cards is that the smart card contains the computer chip which stores the password or PIN.  the password is not sent over a communication line to a computer system for verification, which can easily be tapped.  most important part of a smart card is the software that provide the applications

 IDENTIFICATION  NETWORK SECURITY ◦ authentication ◦ confidentiality  ELECTRONIC PURSES  TELE COMMUNICATION  SPECIAL APPLICATIONS  AND MANY MORE….

 Smart Cards in India are used as identification cards....  As driving licenses…..  Access Control  Metro Rail Cards  DTH Cards

 Future of Smart Cards Given the advantages of smart cards over magnetic stripe cards, there can be no doubt that the future of smart cards is very bright. If the current trends are anything to go by, the smart card market is set for exponential growth in the next few years. Future for smart cards depends mainly on the introduction of multi-application cards and overcoming the simplistic mindset that smart cards are just a method of making a payment.

 Hence smart cards can be used to increase security, reliability, convenience and many other advantages.

 Wikipedia  Dhar’s Blog   Smart Card Handbook: W. Rankl & W. Effing

Thank you for your time!