Chapter 31 Section 4 China’s Neighbors Josiah Chung Sangmin Lee William Mortimer

Countries Neighboring China: 1. Taiwan 2. Hong Kong 3. Mongolia

Taiwan

Taiwan: Geography  Located 100 miles southeast of China.  Mountainous terrain (Can be as tall as 13,000 feet).  Taiwan means “terraced bay” in Chinese which relates to its often seen terraced terrain.  Terraces physically distinguish Taiwan apart from other neighboring countries.

Taiwan: Economy  In 1949 Nationalist government came into action and it: o Instituted a sweeping land-reform program o Started an industrial modernization program which improved trade and importing products.

Taiwan: Economy (cont.)  Taiwan has recently made improvements in technology as well, enabling it to successfully sell its products to countries with successful marketing such as the USA and countries in Europe.

Taiwan: Government and Relations to China  1949 – Natives of Taiwan soon became the hosts of many Chinese nationalists who had fled from the communism of China.  In later years, both the Nationalists of Taiwan and the Communists of China contended over whose government was the official government of China.

Taiwan: Government and Relations to China (cont.)  Eventually in 1971 the United nations supported China as a member, making China more powerful than Taiwan.  Today, China and Taiwan are in an unstable relationship because of such historical events.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong: Geography  The total area of Hong Kong is around 400 square miles  Population of 6 million people  One of the most crowded nations

Hong Kong: Geography (cont.)  Has large, safe, natural harbors  Located in the center of East Asian sea trade routes  Composed of the Kowloon Peninsula and a collection of islands

Hong Kong: Economy  Ideal position along the trade routes allowed for great economic growth in the 20 th century  After World War 2 many people fled to Hong Kong  These people provided human resources for cheap labor

Hong Kong: Economy (cont.)  Hong Kong used these resources to develop a large manufacturing economy in textiles, clothing, and electrical appliances  Export 90% of manufactured goods

Hong Kong: Government and Relations with China  China originally owned Hong Kong  In 1898 China was forced by Britain to lease the country  Britain used Hong Kong’s ports for across ocean trade  After World War 2 and the rise of Chinese communism over 1 million people fled China for Hong Kong

Hong Kong: Government and Relations with China (cont.)  In 1997 China officially regained Hong Kong  As stated in the agreement between Britain and China, Hong Kong would be a Special Administrative Region for the next 50 years  Hong Kong planned for democracy in 1992  Despite Chinese supporting members of the assembly being placed Hong Kong still remains partially democratic in the form of “one country, two systems”

Mongolia

Mongolia: Geography  Consists of a lot of dry land (takes up more than the twice the size of Texas).  The Southern area is covered by the Gobi desert.  The rest of the land is filled with rich vegetation.

Mongolia: Economy  The majority of the population are nomadic herders.  Major productions include:  Coal and copper mining  Food processing  Production of leather goods

Mongolia: Government and Relations to China  In the thirteenth century, Mongolia was in complete control over China.  Chinese later overthrew Mongolia and gained control until Mongolia gained independence in  The Mongolians declared their independence from China with the help of the Soviet Union.

Mongolia: Government and Relations to China (cont.)  After its independence, Mongolia adopted communism.  The Mongolian government chose to abolish communism with the first democratic elections.  The winners of the elections were former communists who renounced communism and they promised to create a free country.

Works Cited Baerwald, Thomas John., and Celeste Fraser. "Section 4 China's Neighbors." World Geography: Building a Global Perspective. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Print.

Websites with Picture Locations  taiwan/part-007.jpeg taiwan/part-007.jpeg  images/36/libertysquaregate.jpg/sr=1 images/36/libertysquaregate.jpg/sr=1  a/images/s/china-hong-kong.jpg a/images/s/china-hong-kong.jpg