Soil Degradation & Management

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Soil Degradation & Management www.i-study.co.uk

Tasks What is soil? (260) The importance of time in soil formation? What are leaching & salinisation? What is alluvium? What are: pastoral & arable farming? www.i-study.co.uk

Soil degradation What is soil degradation? Causes of soil degradation including examples deforestation (where, why, effect) overgrazing (where, why, effect) Monocultures (what & why, examples, problems) Irrigation & salinisation. www.i-study.co.uk

Consequences of degradation Loss of fertility  ↑ pressure on the land  over-use of land  depletion of nutrients  ↑ need for fertilisers: ↑ costs for farming  ↑ food prices.  environmental impact  leaching into water supplies  health issues & unintended impacts (eutrophication). Loss of farmland  ↑ land prices in fertile areas & depletion of food supply  ↑ food prices  ↑ % of income spent on food (especially poor)  trapped in poverty & reliance on aid. www.i-study.co.uk

Degradation of soil  ↓ in farming in that area  less rural jobs  rural-urban migration & associated problems. Loss of vegetation  rapid soil erosion & unstable slopes  landslides & problems of deposition of material elsewhere Loss of productivity of land in LEDCs often leads to ↓ in dietary variety  malnutrition & possibly starvation. www.i-study.co.uk

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Tasks Short notes about soil management: Afforestation. Crop rotation. Draw a diagram & label it to explain how terraces protect the soil. Organic material. Strip farming. Stone lines. Case study: china – issues p.280 & solution p.283. www.i-study.co.uk