Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shadow of War

The London Conference o What was the purpose of the London Conference? o Why did FDR decide not to send a delegate to the London Conference? o How did the collapse of the London Conference impact the rest of the world? Freedom for (from?) the Filipinos and Recognition for the Russians o How did isolationism impact America’s holdings in the Asia? o Describe the Tydings-McDuffie Act. o How did the Tydings-McDuffie Act impact the Philippines, the US, and Japan? o Why did FDR choose to recognize the Soviet Union and who was opposed to this?

Becoming a Good Neighbor o What did the US’s isolationism and new relationship with Latin America suggest? o How did the Great Depression affect imperialism? o Why was FDR eager to line up Latin American countries? o What did the 7 th Pan-American conference endorse? o What happened in Haiti and Cuba during this time period? o What incident occurred in Mexico that test the US policy of non-intervention? o How did the people of Latin America respond to FDR’s Good Neighbor policy? Secretary Hull’s Reciprocal Trade Agreements o What did Hull believe in relation to trade? o What was the purpose of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934? o In what ways did the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act differ from tariff revisions? o How did foreign trade fair under Hull? o In what ways was the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act a landmark legislation?

Storm-Collar Isolationism o Who were the major leaders of totalitarian governments? o Describe Adolf Hitler and what he did in o What was happening in Japan during this time period? o What did Japan do in regards to it’s Navy during this time period? o What nation did Mussolini attack and how did the League of Nations respond? o How did the Johnson Debt Default Act reflect America’s isolationist tendencies? o Describe the extent of America’s isolationism during this time period. Congress Legislates Neutrality o What did Senator Nye investigate and how did many citizens respond to his findings? o Describe the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 o How did the Neutrality Acts mark and abandonment of traditional policy? o Why were these policies short sighted? o In what ways were these policies questionable?

America Dooms Loyalist Spain o Who was General Francisco Franco and what did he do? o What did the US Congress do in relation to the war in Spain? o How did America’s actions impact dictators around the world? o What other illogical actions did the US make during this time period? Appeasing Japan and Germany o What act could be considered the “curtain-raiser” of WWII? o Why did FDR decline to invoke the neutrality legislation? o Describe the “Quarantine Speech”. o What did the critics of the Quarantine Speech say and how did FDR respond to this? o In 1935 and 1936 what did Hitler do? o In 1938 what country did Hitler invade? o What other demands did Hitler make and how did France and Britain respond? o What happened at the conference held in Munich in Sept 1938? o What did appeasement actually mean?

Hitler’s Belligerency and U.S. Neutrality o How did the Soviet Union surprise the world and why was this move considered surprising? o What did the pact mean for Western democracies? o What was Stalin’s ultimate plan? o What did Hitler demand from Poland and what was his response when he didn’t get it? o What launched WWII? o How did America respond to the war in Europe? o What did Britain and France need from American and why couldn’t America provide them with it? o Describe the Neutrality Act of o Who did the Neutrality Act of 1939 help and hurt? o How did the Neutrality Act of 1939 impact America?

The Fall of France o What happened during the time known as the “phony war”? o What happened that ended the “phony war”? o How did France fair during Germany’s invasion? o Who emerged as a strong British leader during this time? o Why did France’s collapse shock Americans out of isolationism? o What did FDR and congress do following the collapse of France? o Describe the conscription law. o What was decided at the Havana Conference in 1940? Bolstering Britain with the Destroyer Deal (1940) o Why did the wisdom of neutrality seem questionable? o How did radio impact US citizens during this time period? o What was the platform of the Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies? o What was the platform of the America First Committee and who was it’s spokesperson? o What agreement did FDR make on Sept 2, 1940 and what were the provisions of the agreement? o What kind of method did FDR use to make the above agreement and why? o What did the American citizens want at this time period?

FDR Shatters the Two-Term Tradition (1940) o Describe the Republican candidate Wendell L Willkie. o What was the Republican platform for the election of 1940? o Why did FDR decide to run for president for a third term? o Describe Willkie’s campaign. o How were Willkie and FDR’s beliefs similar and different? o Describe FDR’s campaign. o Who won the election? o Why did FDR win? Congress Passes the Landmark Lend-Lease Law o What scheme did FDR develop in late 1940? o Describe the provisions of the Lend-Lease Bill. o Who opposed the bill and what was their argument? o In what ways was the Lend-Lease Bill momentous? o How did the Lend-Lease Bill impact neutrality and how did US citizens feel about it? o How did the Lend-Lease Bill impact factories? o How did Hitler view the Lend-Lease Bill and what did he do about it?

Hitler’s Assault on the Soviet Union Spawns the Atlantic Charter o What were the two events that marked the course of WWII? o Why did Hitler attack the Soviet Union? o Why was Hitler’s attack of the Soviet Union good for the democracies? o How did the Americans react to the invasion of the Soviet Union? o Describe the Atlantic Conference. o Describe the Atlantic Charter. o Who supported and opposed the charter and what were their arguments? U.S. Destroyers and Hitler’s U-boats Clash o What was one of the main problems with the Lend-Lease program? o What did FDR decide to do about the issue of escorting ships? o Describe what happened to the Greer, Kearny, and Reuben James and how they changed US policy. o What could merchant ships now do and how did this impact neutrality?

Surprise Assault on Pearl Harbor o Why shouldn’t the “explosion” in the Pacific surprised anyone? o Why did FDR choose to not place an embargo against Japan? o Describe how the first embargo impacted Japan. o What issues were discussed between the US and Japan in late 1941? o What did US officials know and what wrong assumptions did they make? o Describe the Pearl Harbor attack. o Who declared war in 1941? America’s Transformation from Bystander to Belligerent o Why was Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor only successful in the short run? o Why did the US actually decide to go to war?