Internal Stimuli & Learned & Inherited Behaviors 6.3.6 Summarize how the internal stimuli (including hunger, thirst, and sleep) of animals ensure their survival. 6.3.7 Compare learned to inherited behaviors in animals.

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Essential Questions What are the 3 internal stimuli? What are the differences between learned and inherited behaviors?

Internal Stimuli Hunger The importance of hunger is that it cues animals to eat. Animals need food for energy and, therefore, for survival.

Internal Stimuli Thirst The importance of thirst is that it cues animals to take in water. Animals need water since their bodies are mostly made of water.

Internal Stimuli Sleep The importance of sleepiness is that it cues the animal to sleep. Sleep is required to restore the body’s ability to function.

Learned Behaviors Some animal behaviors result from direct observations or experiences and are called learned behaviors. Imprinting is a behavior in which newborn animals recognize and follow the first moving object they see. Usually, this moving object is the mother. The imprinting behavior cannot be reversed.

How does imprinting work?

Is imprinting helpful? Can it be harmful?

Learned Behaviors Conditioning (which includes trial-and-error learning) is a behavior in which an animal learns that a particular stimulus and its response to that stimulus will lead to a good or bad result. For example, chimpanzees learn to use small sticks to dig in the soil for insects, or a child learns that touching a hot object will cause pain.

Operant Conditioning

Operant Conditioning in action

Inherited Behaviors or Instincts Some animal behaviors are passed from the parent to the offspring and are with the animal from birth. These are called inherited behaviors, or instincts. Some examples of instincts are: The ability to swim, for example in whales or fish, is an inherited behavior. Whales and fish do not need to be taught how to swim.

Inherited Behaviors or Instincts Crying in babies is an inherited behavior that is often a response to hunger, thirst, or sleepiness. When a snail digs a hole to lay its eggs, a bird builds a special kind of nest, or when a fiddler crab waves its claw to attract a female, the animals are acting on instinct.

How do Monarch Butterflies know where to go?

How is this an example of inherited behaviors?

Learned or Inherited?

Essential Questions Answer each on your paper. What are the 3 internal stimuli? What are the differences between learned and inherited behaviors?

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