NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

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NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

FLOODS

HAZARDSHAZARDS ELEMENTS OF RISK EXPOSUREEXPOSURE VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY LOCATIONLOCATION RISKRISK

CHINA’SCOMMUNITIESCHINA’SCOMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS HAZARDS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE PROTECTION PEPAREDNESS EARLY WARNING EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY FIVE PILLARS OF RESILIENCE

FLOOD HAZARDS (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS ) Too much water inserted quickly in the regional drainage system to be accommodated normally within the water cycle Erosion Scour Mudflows

LOSS OF FUNCTION OF STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN FLOODS INUNDATION INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS DAMAGE FROM WATER WATER BORNE DISEASES (HEALTH PROBLEMS) EROSION AND MUDFLOWS CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER CAUSES OF RISK CASE HISTORIES

DAMAGE INJURIES UNACCEPTABLE RISK COLLAPSE DEATHS LOSS OF FUNCTION ECONOMIC LOSS RISKRISK

SOME OF CHINA’S NOTABLE FLOODS

MAP OF CHINA’S PROVINCES

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1887 YELLOW RIVER (HUANG HE) FLOODS DEATHS: 900,000– 2,000,000

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1935 YANGTZE RIVER FLOODS DEATHS: 145,000

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1938 YELLOW RIVER (HUANG HE) FLOODS DEATHS: 500,000– 700,000

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1939 TIANJIN FLOODS DEATHS: 30,000

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1954 YANGTZE RIVER FLOODS DEATHS: 30,000 8

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1975 FLOODS DEATHS: 86,000 FROM FLOODING AND 145,000 FROM DISEASE

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1980 SICHUAN, HUBEI, AND ANHUI FLOODS DEATHS: 6,200

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1989 SICHUAN FLOODS DEATHS: 3,814

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 1998 YANGTZE FLOODS DEATHS: 3,656

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 2004 FLOODS IN CHINA DEATHS: 1,029

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 2005 FUJIAN, ANHUI, ZHEJIANG FLOODS DEATHS: 1,624

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 2007 FLOODS DEATHS: 1,348

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 2010 FLOODS IN CHINA- NORTH K0REA DEATHS: 2,072

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS 2010 FLOODS IN CHINA- NORTH K0REA DEATHS: 2,072

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BECOMING FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENT

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FLOOD RISK REDUCTION REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES) RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING) REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES) RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING) DATABASES MAPS: 100-YEAR AND 500-YEAR FLOODS FLOOD DISASTER SCENARIOS DRONE PLANES HAZMAT MANAGEMENT DATABASES MAPS: 100-YEAR AND 500-YEAR FLOODS FLOOD DISASTER SCENARIOS DRONE PLANES HAZMAT MANAGEMENT

FLOOD RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES

RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR FLOODS PURPOSE PREVENTION PROTECTION LAND USE CONTROL PURPOSE PREVENTION PROTECTION LAND USE CONTROL TECHNIQUE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT FLOOD CONTROL (DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS) HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES) TECHNIQUE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT FLOOD CONTROL (DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS) HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES)

THREE GORGES DAM: 2309 M LONG, 190 M HIGH, 15 M THICK

FLOOD GATES OPENED ON THREE GORGES DAM: JULY 22, 2007