Case based discussion Pankaj Malhotra PGIMER, Chandigarh, India

Case History A 43-year old gentleman presented with weakness and fatigability x 3 months Hb 13.4 gm/dl, WBC 220,000 cells/mm3, Plat cells/mm3 Spleen 10 cm BM: Hypercellular, 8% blasts, Ph 20/20 positive, Q RT PCR for BCR ABL mRNA 80% Sokal High-risk

Case History A 43-year old gentleman presented with weakness and fatigability x 3 months Hb 13.4 gm/dl, WBC 220,000 cells/mm3, Plat cells/mm3 Spleen 10 cm BM: Hypercellular, 8% blasts, Ph 20/20 positive, Q RT PCR for BCR ABL mRNA 80% Sokal High-risk Availability of Imatinib/Dasatinib/Nilotinib

Choice of first line therapy Feb Imatinib 400 mg OD 2.Imatinib 800 mg OD 3.Dasatinib 100 mg OD 4.Nilotinib 300 mg BD 5.Nilotinib 400 mg BD 6.Bosutinib 500 mg OD Would Sokal high-risk score have impact on the choice of first line therapy?

Choice of first line therapy Feb Imatinib 400 mg OD 2.Imatinib 800 mg OD 3.Dasatinib 100 mg OD 4.Nilotinib 300 mg BD 5.Nilotinib 400 mg BD 6.Bosutinib 500 mg OD Does enough finances/insurance coverage impact on choice of first line therapy

Case History A 43-year old gentleman presented with weakness and fatigability x 3 months Hb 13.4 gm/dl, WBC 220,000 cells/mm3, Plat cells/mm3 Spleen 10 cm BM: Hypercellular, 8% blasts, Ph 20/20 positive, Q RT PCR for BCR ABL mRNA 80% Sokal High-risk Active coronary artery disease and AF

Choice of first line therapy Feb Imatinib 400 mg OD 2.Imatinib 800 mg OD 3.Dasatinib 100 mg OD 4.Nilotinib 300 mg BD 5.Nilotinib 400 mg BD 6.Bosutinib 500 mg OD Would active coronary artery disease & AF impacts your decision making?

Case History A 43-year old gentleman presented with weakness and fatigability x 3 months Hb 13.4 gm/dl, WBC 220,000 cells/mm3, Plat cells/mm3 Spleen 10 cm BM: Hypercellular, 8% blasts, Ph 20/20 positive, Q RT PCR for BCR ABL mRNA 80% Sokal High-risk Past history of pulmonary tuberculosis

Choice of first line therapy Feb Imatinib 400 mg OD 2.Imatinib 800 mg OD 3.Dasatinib 100 mg OD 4.Nilotinib 300 mg BD 5.Nilotinib 400 mg BD 6.Bosutinib 500 mg OD Would a past history of lung infection impacts your decision making?

Choice of first line therapy depends upon 1.Available finances/Full insurance 2.Side effect profile of the drugs 3.Co-morbid conditions of the patient 4.Phase of the disease(Acc or BC) 5.Sokal score (?)

Choice of first line therapy depends upon 1.Available finances/Full insurance 2.Side effect profile of the drugs 3.Co-morbid conditions of the patient 4.Phase of the disease(Acc or BC) 5.Sokal score (?) 6.Physician preference/Patient preference (?)

Comparison of TKI Favour Imatinib Cheaper Long-term experience Known side effect profile CCyR 70% at 1 year Less effective More than 100 mutations Favour 2 nd G TKI More effective CCyR 80-85% Fewer mutations (<10) Costly Post marketing surveillance suggest some unusual side effect Fewer options if disease progress

The patient was started on Imatinib 400 mg/day

Progress Achieved CHR by 2 months RQ PCR for BCR-ABL at 3 months 22% IS What are the long-term chances of PFS of this gentleman? ( RQ PCR >10% at 3 months)? 1.High 2.Low What are the long-term chances of PFS of this gentleman? ( RQ PCR >10% at 3 months)? 1.High 2.Low

Progress Achieved CHR by 2 months RQ PCR for BCR-ABL at 3 months 12% IS What are the long-term chances of PFS of this gentleman? ( RQ PCR >10% at 3 months)? 1.High 2.Low What are the long-term chances of PFS of this gentleman? ( RQ PCR >10% at 3 months)? 1.High 2.Low

The patient was started on Dasatinib 100 mg/day

Progress Achieved CHR by 2 months RQ PCR for BCR-ABL at 3 months 12% IS What are the long-term chances of PFS of this gentleman? ( RQ PCR >10% at 3 months)? 1.High 2.Low What are the long-term chances of PFS of this gentleman? ( RQ PCR >10% at 3 months)? 1.High 2.Low

Thus with 2 nd G TKI, you expect more rapid response, may be CCyR at 3 months/BCR ABL <2% at 3months

Assessment at 6 -months Glivec 400 mg/day continued Hb 10.0 gm/dl MCV 102 WBC 3500 cells/mm3 Plat 100,000 cells/mm3 BM: Mild hypocellular Cytogenetics 2/20 = MCyR Q PCR 1% IS What is your assessment and would you consider change in your strategy?

Current role of Allo HSCT

Conclusions Rapid advancement taking place in the field of CML Availability of many drugs have made life easy as well as difficult both for the physician as well as the patient Need to continue update our knowledge on CML on the basis of continuously emerging data