An Overview of Market Access And Maintenance requirements Related To Phytosanitary Measures Trade Awareness Workshop - Polokwane Mashudu Silimela DAFF: Directorate Plant Health DAFF: Directorate Plant Health 13 August 2009

2 INTRODUCTION SA – Part of global village  Is an active trader in the global agriculture import- export market Opportunity to export its agricultural products to different international markets  In any international exchange of plants & plant products, there is a risk that pests and diseases might be introduced into the territory of the importing country SA is a signatory member of various international agreements.

3 International legislation regulating global trade WTO- SPS WTO- SPS (Agreement on the Application of Sanitary & Phytosanitary Measures)  Sets out the basics rules for global agricultural trade  Subscribes to the principle of equal market access and international co-operation in protecting human, animal and plant Health 3 Standards Setting Bodies WTO – SPS recognize 3 Standards Setting Bodies  IPPC  IPPC – International Plant Protection Convention  CODEX  CODEX – Codex Alimentarius Commision  OIE  OIE – Office of International Epizootics / World Animal Health Organization

4 What Is a “Phytosanitary Measure”? “ Phyto-sanitary” refers to plant health and officially controlled pests “Measure” refers to any Legislation, regulation or official procedure for Preventing impact of regulated pests

5 International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) Purpose:  To secure common and effective action to prevent the spread and introduction of pests of plants and plant products, and  to promote appropriate measures for their controlScope: plants harmfulpests  Covers international cooperation in protecting plants and plants products from harmful pests “Plants”: include agricultural crops, forests, wild flora “Pests”: include insects, pathogens, weeds “Harm”: includes indirect effects such as from weeds  Extends to items capable of harboring or spread pests, such as: Storage places, Conveyors / vehicles and containers

6 IPPC Obligate members to  Provide an NPPO (National Plant Protection Organization (for SA = DAFF-PH & APIS)  Conduct import & export of plants & plant products according to accepted international principle & standards Function of NPPO  Negotiations for new markets  Pest risk analysis for the development of phytosanitary measures  Inspections and Phytosanitary certification  Surveillance for pest outbreaks and control (regulated pests)  Diagnostic and Quarantine Services  Draft National regulations/ standards based on International Standards  Training and awareness

7 COMPETITIVENESS IN GLOBAL ARENA OPTIMISE: Ongoing inputs to improve terms and scope of access to existing markets GAIN: Opening of new markets RETAIN: Ongoing inputs to keep existing markets open

8 COMMUNICATION REGARDING THE INITIATION OF FRUIT EXPORTS Exports actions are undertaken on request & in collaboration with SA Industries Technical meeting regarding “Market Access” issues with representatives of different industries ( CGA, PPECB, Subtop, etc)  are held every two months Day to day communication with different industries Ongoing communication with counterpart NPPOs in consultation with all the role players

9 ESTABLISHMENT OF AN EXPORT PROGRAMME Global access for plant & plant products is based on: Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) by importing country  3 stages of PRA Initiation stage: Identifying the pests and pathway Risk assessment: Scientific evaluation of pest Risk Management: setting appropriate mitigation measures Bilateral liaison between NPPOs (which can take many years) Authorization by importing country  Issue of import permit  Protocol/ Directive

10 Current major exports markets Citrus – EU, Japan, South Korea, China, Iran, USA, Middle East, Russia, Africa, India, etc. Subtropical fruits (Litchi, Mango, Avocado) - EU Main Pests of Concern to SA’s Trading Partners:

11 New Major Market currently in negotiation Citrus Australia, Thailand, Philippines, Syria, Lebanon ; South Korea (Lemon & Grape fruit, soft citrus) USA (Citrus) – ALPP Subtropical Litchi – USA Mango – USA, China, India, Japan Avocado – USA, Japan, China, Mexico

12 REGULATING EXPORTS OF FRUIT Phytosanitary inspections to verify compliance with the needs of the importing country, and Issuing phytosanitary certificates

13 Market Maintenance Start in the production Unit (Farm)Start in the production Unit (Farm) A record of Credibility i.e. the ability to comply with the requirements & provide reliable information Balance (Chemical sprays and Phytosanitary issues)Balance (Chemical sprays and Phytosanitary issues) Maintenance Relies on:  Communication & cooperation all role players  Technical justified regulatory measures  Active country participation in the relevant international bodies  Application of the accepted international norms & standards  Good Science, including Reliable published information Rapid pest identification method Up-to-date survey and pest lists Effective pest mitigation treatments Surveillance for new pests

14 Main SA constraints relating to international trade Non – Compliance Limited cooperation between DAFF, Provincial, local and other departments, different industries, other role players and stake holders Lack of information regarding requirements of different importing countries Lack of technical information (Scientific information) Inconsistency regarding communication from importing countries

15 NEW PHYTO THREATS Bactrocera invadens Citrus canker Bactrocera zonata Propagating material

16 CONCLUSION Different Industries & stakeholders DAFF, Provincial, Local, other departments Producers / farmers Assignees Scientists Market access & maintenance  South Africa has a great potential to access new International markets  Compliance  Effective Communication  Reliable scientific information of commodity pests & diseases  Plant health legislation & standards Team Work (shared responsibility)  Team Work (shared responsibility) YOU AND US = wrong X WE = BEST √

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