P LAGIARISM Why not make it your own? Seriously!

Every step in the research paper process is graded and will contribute to the final product. If you choose to become lazy at any point in the process, it will affect the final product and frustrate you in the end. Take PRIDE in your work and REMEMBER: it reflects your work ethic and commitment to excellence. Choose a topic you would be interested in reading. And, above all, create something you are proud of altogether.

Plagiarism is when you take someone else’s works, ideas or words and use them as your own. Whether it is a sentence, a part of a sentence or an entire paper, it will ruin your grade. It is an academic crime and an ethical offense. Plagiarism is stealing someone’s intellectual property. If you plagiarize in ANY college class, you are usually expelled from the college, cannot reapply EVER, and the infraction is placed on your permanent record. Why is it an academic crime? It is an academic crime because you are stealing another person’s ideas. It is illegal and immoral. If you are thinking about it, don’t chance it. If you ever need to help summarizing, properly quoting or paraphrasing, see me! It’s better to ask for extra help than take the sneaky route and copy someone else’s writing. I will have more respect for you if you ask for help. We will discuss how to avoid this much more in class.

F ORMS OF P LAGIARISM  Borrowing' a friend's paper and copying their sentences, paragraphs, etc.  Downloading a paper from the Internet & turning it in as your own  Not turning in a Works Cited (bibliography) page  Copying passages from a source without putting the passages within quotation marks and giving credit to the author  Retaining too much of the wording and style of the original in paraphrasing/summarizing Examples:  Changing a word or words periodically within a sentence.  Inverting a sentence.  Using entire phrases from another source as your own.  Combining someone else’s sentences into one sentence or breaking one sentence into two or more sentences.  Omitting a word or phrase but retaining the original content.

R EAL LIFE CONSEQUENCES : Damaged the reputation of two prominent historians, Stephen Ambrose and Doris Kearns Goodwin, Kearns left television position and stepped down as Pulitzer Prize judge for “lifting” 50 passages for her 1987 book The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys (Lewis) Senator Joseph Biden dropped his 1987 campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination. (Sabato) Copied in law school and borrowed from campaign speeches of Robert Kennedy Boston Globe journalist Mike Barnicle forced to resign for plagiarism in his columns (“Boston Columnist...”) Probe of plagiarism at UVA--45 students dismissed, 3 graduate degrees revoked CNN Article AP. 26 Nov CNN Article Channel One Article AP. 27 Nov Channel One Article

E XAMPLES OF P LAGIARISM The rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population were the three great developments of late nineteenth century American history. As new, larger, steam – powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, they transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, and provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants. With industry came urbanization – the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Bordens lived) which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade. The increase of industry, the growth of cities, and the explosion of the population were three large factors of nineteenth century America. As steam driven companies became more visible in the eastern part of the country, they changed farm hands into factory workers and provided jobs for the large wave of immigrants. With industry came the growth of large cities like Fall River where the Bordens lived which turned into centers of commerce and trade as well as production. Original text from page 1 of Lizzie Borden: A Case Book of Family and Crime in the 1890’s by Joyce Williams Example of an unacceptable paraphrase that is plagiarism

Other Examples of Plagiarism: The rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population were the three great developments of late nineteenth century American history. As new, larger, steam – powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, they transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, and provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants. With industry came urbanization – the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Bordens lived) which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade. There were three great developments of nineteenth century America. These developments were: the rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population. Larger steam – powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, which transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants, and brought urbanization – the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Bordens lived). These became the centers of production. They also became centers of commerce and trade. Original text from page 1 of Lizzie Borden: A Case Book of Family and Crime in the 1890’s by Joyce Williams Examples of combining or breaking apart sentences.

W HY WERE THOSE CONSIDERED PLAGIARISM ? Three Reasons: The writer has only changed around a few words and phrases, periodically omitted a word/phrase, or changed the order of the original’s sentences. The writer has failed to cite a source for any of the ideas or facts. The sentences have just been combined or broken apart.

H ERE IS HOW IT SHOULD HAVE BEEN DONE. The rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population were the three great developments of late nineteenth century American history. As new, larger, steam – powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, they transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, and provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants. With industry came urbanization – the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Bordens lived) which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade. Fall River, where the Borden family lived, was typical of northeastern industrial cities of the nineteenth century. Steam powered production had shifted labor from agriculture to manufacturing, and as immigrants arrived in the US, they found work in these new factories. As a result, populations grew, and large urban areas arose. Fall River was one of these manufacturing and commercial centers (Williams 26). Original text from page 1 of Lizzie Borden: A Case Book of Family and Crime in the 1890’s by Joyce Williams An acceptable paraphrase

W HY IS THIS CONSIDERED ACCEPTABLE ? Three reasons : Accurately relays the information from the original document Writer uses his/her own words Lets his/her reader know the source of their information (parenthetical citation)

A FEW THINGS THAT CAN HELP YOU MAKE IT YOUR OWN. When you are reading an article or book that you are assigned to summarize you should do the following: Highlight the facts that you want to put in your summary with one color Highlight the direct quotes that you would want to put in your summary with a different color than your fact highlighter Make sure that you site information that you have taken from original text (give the author, title of the article, website address, etc.)

Let’s Practice Choose one-two paragraphs from one of your web sources and paraphrase or summarize the information retrieved. Be prepared to share aloud. We will look up your website on the computer to compare/contrast.

DO NOW - Is it Plagiarism? It is well known that exercise helps to alleviate stress. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Association (NHLBA) endorse exercise as a way to reduce stress, and recommends cardiovascular exercise that elevates the heart rate for 15 to 30 minutes--three to four times a week. The American Psychology Association has conducted numerous studies indicating the beneficial effects of exercise in dealing with stress. Exercise releases endorphins into the blood stream. Endorphins are "feel good" hormones and are the body's natural pain-killers. They also generate the sensory perception of physical well-being, which in turn contributes to emotional and mental health. Everyone knows that exercise can help to alleviate stress. In fact, the National Heart, lung and Blood Association endorse exercise as a good way to cut down on stress and suggests that we need cardiovascular exercise for 15 to 30 minutes three to four times a week. There have also been many studies by the American Psychology Association that show that exercise is a good way to deal with stress. This is because exercise releases endorphins, the "feel good" hormones, into the blood. These hormones also bring about the perception of well-being, so emotional and mental health improves. (Krogue, p1) Original text from Bella Online Christine Krogue -- author Is it plagiarism?

DO NOW - Is it Plagiarism? It is well known that exercise helps to alleviate stress. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Association (NHLBA) endorse exercise as a way to reduce stress, and recommends cardiovascular exercise that elevates the heart rate for 15 to 30 minutes--three to four times a week. The American Psychology Association has conducted numerous studies indicating the beneficial effects of exercise in dealing with stress. Exercise releases endorphins into the blood stream. Endorphins are "feel good" hormones and are the body's natural pain-killers. They also generate the sensory perception of physical well-being, which in turn contributes to emotional and mental health. We all know that exercise is necessary to help us to lose weight and to fight off potentially deadly diseases. But there are two other extremely good reasons to get off the couch and get moving: exercise will make us feel good and can help us fight stress. This is because when we exercise, our bodies release "feel good" hormones called endorphins into our blood stream. As a result, we feel better both physically and emotionally. And, according to the National heart, Lung and Blood Association, all we have to do to get this natural high is elevate our heart rates for 15 to 30 minutes, three to four times a week. Seems like a good trade to me. (Krogue, p1) Original text from Bella Online Christine Krogue -- author Is it plagiarism?

S OURCES Elements of Literature, 5 th Course Holt High School Handbook 2 Glencoe Speech Harris, Robert. “Evaluating Internet Sources.” Virtual Salt. June 15, January 12, Web. Lunsford, Andrea A. The Everyday Writer: Fourth Edition. Boston: Bedford- St. Martin’s Press, Print