Roosevelt and the New Deal Chapter 25 Section 2

“the only thing we need to fear is fear itself” Key ? What were the goals of the New Deal Key ? What were the goals of the New Deal The First New Deal – 1933 – 1935 ; focused on relief, recovery, and reform in America. The First New Deal – 1933 – 1935 ; focused on relief, recovery, and reform in America. Twentieth Amendment- moved inauguration from March to Jan. 20; ratified to late for Roosevelt’s election. Twentieth Amendment- moved inauguration from March to Jan. 20; ratified to late for Roosevelt’s election. Brain trust – economists and professors. Brain trust – economists and professors. Recommended solutions. Recommended solutions.

The Hundred Days Session of Congress from March – June (January –April) – Hundred Days. Session of Congress from March – June (January –April) – Hundred Days. Declared bank holiday. Declared bank holiday. Only banks in good shape would reopen. Only banks in good shape would reopen. “fireside chats”- 1 st on March 12 th. “fireside chats”- 1 st on March 12 th. Next day people deposited more money than they withdrew. Next day people deposited more money than they withdrew. Bills sent to Congress; relief to needy; recovery for agriculture & industry, reforms to economy. Bills sent to Congress; relief to needy; recovery for agriculture & industry, reforms to economy.

Responses to the New Deal Some felt New Deal went to far –socialism. Some felt New Deal went to far –socialism. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) gov. run enterprises competed with private business. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) gov. run enterprises competed with private business. Some felt didn’t go far enough – wanted every family guaranteed a decent income; every American over 60 to receive a $200 pension. Some felt didn’t go far enough – wanted every family guaranteed a decent income; every American over 60 to receive a $200 pension.

Roosevelt’s Second New Deal Key ? How did the Social Security Act reflect Roosevelt’s goals in the Second New Deal? ( ) pg. 788 Key ? How did the Social Security Act reflect Roosevelt’s goals in the Second New Deal? ( ) pg. 788 Focused on social reforms; Social Security Act – dedicated largely to unemployment & retirement; small amount of pay go to Soc.Sec. Fund in the Treasury. Would receive a monthly payment when retired. Focused on social reforms; Social Security Act – dedicated largely to unemployment & retirement; small amount of pay go to Soc.Sec. Fund in the Treasury. Would receive a monthly payment when retired. Also, helped disabled, low-income elderly people not eligible for Soc.Sec. & low income families with dependents. Payments to unemployed while they look for work. Also, helped disabled, low-income elderly people not eligible for Soc.Sec. & low income families with dependents. Payments to unemployed while they look for work.

FDR’s Reelection 1936 – won second term – won second term. Business was against him. Business was against him. African-Americans for the first time – did not vote Republican – the party of Lincoln. African-Americans for the first time – did not vote Republican – the party of Lincoln. Working class people formed alliances and FDR won every state except Maine and Vermont. Working class people formed alliances and FDR won every state except Maine and Vermont.

The New Deal Slows Down Key? What lead to the slow down of the Second New Deal? Key? What lead to the slow down of the Second New Deal? Roosevelt and Supreme Ct. struggled; SC did not support FDR’s programs; felt they gave the federal government too much power; used judicial review to strike down laws. Roosevelt and Supreme Ct. struggled; SC did not support FDR’s programs; felt they gave the federal government too much power; used judicial review to strike down laws – FDR asked Congress to pass a bill allowing him to add 6 Justices who shared his ideas; court-packing; Congress voted it down – FDR asked Congress to pass a bill allowing him to add 6 Justices who shared his ideas; court-packing; Congress voted it down. In the end, FDR appointed 8 new judges because of retirement or death. In the end, FDR appointed 8 new judges because of retirement or death.

A Downward Turn FDR wanted to reduce deficit spending, using borrowed money to spend. FDR wanted to reduce deficit spending, using borrowed money to spend. Cut back on the New Deal, but he was wrong; goods produced by industry fell and unemployment rose once again. Cut back on the New Deal, but he was wrong; goods produced by industry fell and unemployment rose once again. So bad was the spiraled downward turn that the U.S. wouldn’t recover until World War II in So bad was the spiraled downward turn that the U.S. wouldn’t recover until World War II in 1941.