Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso1

When you report form characteristics, like Flatness, in Calypso, the result is determined by the distance between two perfect pieces of geometry, “squeezed” as close together as possible containing the actual measured points of the feature. This is calculated by default using a special Evaluation Method, called “Minimum Element”. Note that this result for Flatness (form) is different than the FORM listed in the feature’s window of Calypso, as that is typically calculated using the LSQ Evaluation Method. Flatness Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso2

When reporting Parallelism of one plane to another in Calypso, the result can be thought of as the distance between two planes, parallel to the datum, that contains all of the actual measured points of the feature being evaluated. By default, the LSQ evaluation method is used to determine the orientation of the Datum. Note that in the Parallelism Characteristic, secondary datums are not necessary if you are evaluating two 3- dimensional features, like planes. Parallelism Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso3

When you report “Profile” of a 3-D geometric feature in Calypso, the default result can be though of as the thickness of a zone, centered on the nominal geometry of the feature being reported, that contains all of the measuring points of the feature. By its nature, “Profile” is a combination of size, form, orientation, and position errors. Calypso uses your Feature Nominals to determine the “target” shape and location of the feature. *When reporting Profile, MAKE SURE ALL YOUR FEATURE NOMINALS ARE CORRECT, including A1 and A2 projection angles. Profile Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso4

Example Print: A B A B Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso 5

A B A B Surface to Evaluate Assume Datum B is perfectly Flat, located exactly at Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso6

The next several slides show the results for Flatness, Parallelism, and Profile for five different point patterns on the surface to be evaluated. Notice how position, orientation, and form errors in the points that make up the evaluated surface affect the results of Flatness, Parallelism, and Profile. Actual characteristic windows from Calypso are shown, along with explanations of why each result is calculated the way it is. Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso7

Flatness = Actual Probing Points 10.0 Flatness Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso8

Actual Probing Points Why The Answer? For a plane, if all points lay on a perfectly flat plane, regardless of orientation or position, the result will be zero. A perfect form result is zero. Distance of Flatness Result 10.0 Flatness Flatness = 0 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso9

Actual Probing Points Parallelism = Parallelism Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso10

Actual Probing Points Why The Answer? If all the points lay in a perfectly flat plane, perfectly oriented to match the datum, the result will be zero. Distance of Parallelism 10.0 Parallelism Parallelism = 0 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso11

Actual Probing Points Profile = Profile Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso12

Actual Probing Points Why The Answer? Since Profile is the the thickness of a zone centered on the nominal geometry, if all measured points are exactly on the nominal, the thickness of the zone would be zero. A perfect Profile result is zero. Thickness of Profile Zone 10.0 Profile Profile = 0 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso13

Actual Probing Points Flatness = Flatness Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso14

Why The Answer? For a plane, if all points lay on a perfectly flat plane, regardless of orientation or position, the result will be zero. A perfect form result is zero. Distance of Flatness Result 10.0 Flatness Flatness = 0 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso15

Actual Probing Points Parallelism = Parallelism Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso16

Why The Answer? In this case, a perfectly flat plane shows Parallelism deviation due to the angle of the plane relative to the Datum. The result is the distance between two planes, parallel to the datum, that contains all the measured points. Distance of Parallelism 10.0 Parallelism Parallelism = 1 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso17

Actual Probing Points Profile = Profile Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso18

Why The Answer? Since Profile is the the thickness of a zone centered on the nominal geometry, the result will be two times the distance of the most distant point from the nominal geometry. Thickness of Profile Zone Profile Profile = 2 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso19

Actual Probing Points Flatness = Flatness Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso20

Distance of Flatness Result 10.0 Flatness Why The Answer? In this case, the distance between two perfect planes parallel to each other that contain the measured points is 2.0. Flatness = 2 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso21

Actual Probing Points Parallelism = Parallelism Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso22

Distance of Parallelism 10.0 Parallelism Why The Answer? In this case, a plane which is perfectly parallel to the datum (using LSQ fitting) shows a high amount of parallelism deviation. This is because of the form error of the feature. The result is the distance between two planes, parallel to the datum, that contains all the measured points. Parallelism = 2 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso23

Actual Probing Points Profile = Profile Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso24

Why The Answer? Since Profile is the the thickness of a zone centered on the nominal geometry, the result will be two times the distance of the most distant point from the nominal geometry. Thickness of Profile Zone Profile Profile = 2 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso25

Actual Probing Points Flatness = Flatness Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso26

Why The Answer? For a plane, if all points lay on a perfectly flat plane, regardless of orientation or position, the result will be zero. A perfect form result is zero. Distance of Flatness Result 10.0 Flatness Flatness = 0 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso27

Actual Probing Points Parallelism = Parallelism Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso28

Distance of Parallelism 10.0 Parallelism Parallelism = 0 Why The Answer? If all the points lay in a perfectly flat plane, perfectly oriented to match the datum, the result will be zero. Note that position error does not effect the Parallelism result. Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso29

Actual Probing Points Profile = Profile Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso30

Why The Answer? Since Profile is the the thickness of a zone centered on the nominal geometry, the result will be two times the distance of the most distant point from the nominal geometry. Thickness of Profile Zone Profile Profile = 2 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso31

Actual Probing Points Flatness = Flatness Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso32

Why The Answer? For a plane, if all points lay on a perfectly flat plane, regardless of orientation or position, the result will be zero. A perfect form result is zero. Distance of Flatness Result 10.0 Flatness Flatness = 0 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso33

Actual Probing Points Parallelism = Parallelism Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso34

Distance of Parallelism 10.0 Parallelism Parallelism = 2 Why The Answer? In this case, a perfectly flat plane shows Parallelism deviation due to the angle of the plane relative to the Datum. The result is the distance between two planes, parallel to the datum, that contains all the measured points. Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso35

Actual Probing Points Profile = Profile Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso36

Why The Answer? Since Profile is the the thickness of a zone centered on the nominal geometry, the result will be two times the distance of the most distant point from the nominal geometry. Thickness of Profile Zone Profile Profile = 2 Last Updated: 9/12/2014Understanding Flatness, Parallelism, & Profile in Calypso37