Chapter 22-3 Our Lady of Lourdes High School December 2014 Mr. Lockwood

Where In The World Is Japan?

Background  In 1800 Tokugawa shogunate had ruled Japan for 200 years  Kept isolation  Deal only with Korea, China and the Dutch  Western nations want to end isolation The last Shogun

End of Isolationism  Commodore Matthew Perry (US) arrives in Tokyo Bay  Wants relations with Japan  Returns with large fleet, forces Japan’s hand  Treaty of Kanagawa  Opens ports, starts relationship Odaiba battery at the entrance of Tokyo, built in 1853–54 to prevent an American intrusion

Failed Resistance  Japanese samurais can’t compete w/ Western military technology  Sat-Cho alliance pushes shogun to end relations w/ West  Shogun does not take strong stand  Shogunate system collapses  Meiji Restoration begins Japanese Wooden Cannon used for resistance

Meiji Restoration  Young emperor Mutsuhito calls his reign Meiji or “Enlightened Rule”  Sat-Cho leaders control the emperor  Move capital to Tokyo  Sends experts to the West to learn  Modernize and Westernize Japan

 Painting of the emperor being moved to Tokyo

Political Change  Modern political system  Executive branch holds most power  Prime Minister, emperor is a figurehead  Legislative body created  Still the Sat-Cho influence decisions

Economic Change  Redistribute land to the peasants  Taxed based on the value of the land you own  Promote industry using tax $$$$  Improve transportation and communication to compete w/ West

Military and Educational Development  Need modern military to compete and avoid being exploited  All men serve 3 years  Adapt American style education system

Social Changes  Women now able to seek jobs, get education  Agricultural to industrial based  Experience similar problems to GB after IR  Western culture infused into Japan

Imperial Japan  Copy the West  Need resources and land to expand  Start with Chinese territory and opening Korea

Russo- Japanese War (1904-5)  Japanese surprise attack on Russian port  Japanese Navy defeats Russian fleet  Russians forced to agree to peace in 1905  Japanese gain islands  Japan now officially a world power!!