FALL Review Questions

If a bone injury is suspected the AT should

If an athlete has an Achilles rupture, he or she will be unable to….

Matching Lateral Ankle SprainEversion Medial Ankle SprainInversion

HOPS stands for… Give specific example for each letter regarding inversion ankle sprain

Matching… Inversion InjuryPull 1 st Stirrup Out Eversion InjuryPull 1 st Stirrup In

Inflammation of fascia (thick connective tissue) on the bottom of the foot, results from chronic stress is an injury to the _______________ Plantar Fascia

The foot is responsible for ________________ & ________________ the rest of the body. Supporting and Stabilizing

When completing special testing, ATs almost always go through ______________testing ( active and passive ) and _____________testing. Range of Motion Strength

Identify four strategies for injury prevention.

Briefly explain PRICES. Protection (use equipment, gear, attire that is appropriate to activity) Rest (avoid activity) Ice (20-30 mins of ice, off mins, no more than 3x /day; no heat first 48hrs) Compression (prevent swelling) Elevation (10-12 inches above heart, control swelling) Support (equipment to aid athlete)

Define “Plantar” Bottom Surface of Foot

What does “itis” mean? Inflammation

A shin splint is typically between ___- ___ inches. 2 and 6 1 inch  Stress Fracture

Rank in Order of Least Severe to Most Severe- be prepared to support your rationale  Bunion  Turf Toe  Achilles Strain  2 nd Degree Eversion Sprain  Ruptured Achilles  Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome  Stress Fracture 1.Bunion 2.Turf Toe 3.Achilles Strain/Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome 4.2 nd Degree Eversion Sprain 5.Stress Fracture 6.Ruptured Achilles

Achilles Strain History – Questions Observation- Bilateral Comparison (prone position)… differences, swelling, deformity, color, bruise marks, redness Palpation- find out where exactly it hurts, muscle or tendon Special Tests- Calf Squeeze (prone position) -foot should plantar flex at ankle if no rupture) ROM (prone position)- plantar/dorsiflexion Strength (prone position)- plantar/dorsiflexion Functional- 2 foot calf raise, 1 foot calf raise, Jump 2 feet, L/R Jump (complete multiple times)

Achilles Tape Athlete should slightly plantar flex and maintain this position during the procedure. Athlete should be in prone position. Apply Anchor Strips Middle of gastrocnemius, slightly higher than ankle tape (proximal) Ball of Foot (distal) Apply Support Strips Apply 3 strips (X) across the ankle to limit dorsiflexion Start at distal anchor pull towards proximal anchor Apply heel lock (2) – one on each side Apply Closure Strips Close foot up Around ankle change direction Follow contour of foot

Shin Splint Tape HOPS Repeat “stabbing” feeling Once shin splint occurs, it will occur more frequently Mechanism- muscles/fascia pull away from bone Distance of Stress: 2-6 inch span of bone, 1 inch span  usually a stress fracture Shin splint tape will not always help, ICE and Stretch! Anchor 1.5 inch tape Medial / Lateral Side to Top and Bottom of Prewrap (A/B injury) Support Strips Create X’s anchor to anchor Make sure to pull, adding tension Distal to proximal Overlap by ½ Closure Strips Cover anchors (Medial, Lateral, Superior, Inferior)