Exploring Cell Shape and Function

The Microscope

prokaryotes prokaryote – cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Many unicellular organisms are prokaryote vocabulary word!

eukaryotes eukaryote – cells that do have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles vocabulary word!

structure structure - the way that something is built, arranged, or organized. vocabulary word!

function function - the special purpose or activity for which a thing exists or is used. vocabulary word!

Structure and Function The structure (shape) of most things is related to its function (job). –A wheel is round which is related to its function which is to roll. –A horse’s hoof is strong and is related to its function of carrying weight over hard ground. –A bird’s wing is shaped to provide lift which is related to its function of flying. Important facts and examples

Structure and Function Plant and animal cells have different parts that have different functions for the organism. Even cells within the same organism can differ from each other depending on their function. Important facts

cheek epithelial cells Cheek epithelial cells are found inside the mouth. They create a smooth lining to cover the inside of the mouth.

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adipose cells (fat) Adipose cells (fat) are found in many places in the body. They store fat that the body can use for energy or insulation.

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muscle cell Muscle cells are long and thin but can contract into a short, fat shape. Skeletal muscles relax and contract to move the bones.

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bark cell Bark protects plants and trees and allows them to stand up and grow taller than if they did not have bark.

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leaf cell Leaf cells contain many chloroplasts so the plant can undergo photosynthesis.

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root cell Plant roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. They then help to transport these materials to the other parts of the plant. Notice there are no chloroplasts.

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