1 R Adm Bernhard Teuteberg Chief Director Maritime Strategy South African Navy and Deputy Director Petra van Eck

2 The aim of this presentation is to present the perspective of the SA Navy with respect to An Integrated Maritime Security Strategy for Africa

No more sea blindness ! African heads of States and Government called upon the AUC to “develop a comprehensive and coherent strategy” and upon the Regional Economic Committees to “develop, co-ordinate and harmonise policies and strategies, improve African Maritime Security and safety standards, for more wealth creation from its oceans and seas, so as to ensure the well-being of the African people” 3

The importance of transport in supporting socio-economic development and regional integration cannot be overemphasised. In that context, maritime transport remains the most feasible means for facilitating trade between continents and islands. Its role is particularly enhanced in Africa whose exports are made of largely primary unprocessed commodities i.e. bulky agricultural and natural produce. About 90% of the total trade of Africa is seaborne 4

More than 92% of global trade is shipped by sea More than 70% of global crude oil is move by sea 5

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 Africa’s increasing dependence on the sea  Maritime Security critical component of Collective Security  Africa, in partnership with the global community, must take the lead in addressing challenges  Maritime Security to be addressed at National, Regional and Continental levels  Multi Agency approach  Broad range of co-operative enterprises required 8

Maritime Security – not just a defence issue 9 Finance & Economy Horizontal and Vertical Integration Maritime Security Security of the Sea Ocean Governance Maritime Border Protection Military Activities Maritime Transportation Security

However, Africa has witnessed the resurgence of the age old global problems of piracy, human trafficking and dumping of toxic waste on its coastal waters. This is further to illegal fishing which has been going on for decades unnoticed, for the most part, by poorly equipped African states. In particular, the rapid escalation of piracy activity off the coast of Somalia and the Gulf of Guinea has alarmed African states and, more so, the international community. 10

 Security Challenges  Terrorism, Piracy and Political Instability  Money-Laundering, Illegal Arms and Drug Trafficking  Illegal Oil Bunkering  Insufficient Enforcement Assets  Growth Challenges  Securing Inland Waterways  Insufficient/Insecure Commercial Ports  Sub-Optimal Transport Integration  Hydrography and Marine Cartography 11

 Environmental Challenges  Threat to Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources  Natural Disasters  Toxic Waste Disposal  Climate Change  Health Challenges 12

 Be Relevant to the African Continent  Be Systemic and address the broader Human Security Policy Architecture  Be Multi-Dimensional  Identify Accountability  Allocate Appropriate Resources 13

 Create Political Awareness, Integration and Will  Maritime Domain Awareness/Intelligence Co- operation (Integrated)  Effective Maritime Assets and Capabilities  Operational Costs  Life-Cycle Management 14

 Maritime Legislation and Regulation  Naval Forces  Coastal and Port Police Forces  Integration  Information and Intelligence Sharing  Disaster Relief, Humanitarian Assistance and Environmental Management  Inter-Agency and Transnational Co-operation and Coordination  Capacity and Capability Building 15

War Fighting (Defence) Strategic Deterrence Diplomatic Role Policing or Constabulary Role Benign Role Frigates Submarines MCMVs Submarines Frigates Patrol Vessels Combat Support Sealift Patrol Vessels Hydrographic Survey Vessels Intensity Low Frequency High

 Maritime Security on African Continent requires more action  Political Understanding, Integration and Will to be established  The AU to assume responsibility  A Regional Approach is proposed  Utilise the SPAS as the vehicle for collaboration on Navy to Navy level  Be Credible and Relevant 17

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