Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case Microbiology B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION TORTORA FUNKE CASE Chapter 12, part B The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Conjugation fungi. Coenocytic. Produce sporangiospores and zygospores. Rhizopus, Mucor (Opportunistic, systemic mycoses) Zygomycota
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Zygomycete Life Cycle Figure 12.6
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Sac fungi. Septate. Produce ascospores and frequently conidiospores. Aspergillus (opportunistic, systemic mycosis) Blastomyces dermatitidis, Histoplasma capsulatum (systemic mycoses) Microsporum, Trichophyton (cutaneous mycoses) Ascomycota
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Ascomycete Life Cycle Figure 12.7
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Club fungi. Septate. Produce basidiospores and sometimes conidiospores. Cryptococcus neoformans (systematic mycosis) Basidiomycota
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Basidiomycete Life Cycle Figure 12.8
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Anamorphs Teleomorphic fungi: Produce sexual and asexual spores. Anamorphic fungi: Produce asexual spores only. rRNA sequencing places most in Ascomycota, a few are Basidiomycota Penicillium Sporothrix (subcutaneous mycosis) Stachybotrys, Coccidioides, Pneumocystis (systemic mycoses) Candida albicans (Cutaneous mycoses)
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Economic Effects of Fungi FungiPositive EffectsNegative Effects SaccharomycesBread, wine, beerFood spoilage TrichodermaCellulose used for juices and fabric Cryphonectria parasitica (chestnut blight) TaxomycesTaxol productionCeratocystis ulm (Dutch elm disease) EntomorphagaGypsy moth control
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mutualistic combination of an alga (or cyanobacterium) & fungus Alga produces and secretes carbohydrates, fungus provides holdfast Lichens
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Lichens Figure 12.10
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Algae Eukaryotic Unicellular, filamentous, or multicellular (thallic) Most are photoautotrophs
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Algae Table 12.1
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 12.11a
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 12.12b
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Brown algae (kelp) Cellulose + alginic acid cell walls Multicellular Chlorophyll a and c, xanthophylls Store carbohydrates Harvested for algin Phaeophyta Figure 12.11b
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Red algae Cellulose cell walls Most multicellular Chlorophyll a and d, phycobiliproteins Store glucose polymer Harvested for agar and carrageenan Rhodophyta Figure 12.11c
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Green algae Cellulose cell walls Unicellular or multicellular Chlorophyll a and b Store glucose polymer Gave rise to plants Chlorophyta Figure 12.12a
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Diatoms Pectin and silica cell walls Unicellular Chlorophyll a and c, carotene, xanthophylls Store oil Fossilized diatoms formed oil Produce domoic acid Bacillariophyta Figure 12.13
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Dinoflagellates Cellulose in plasma membrane Unicellular Chlorophyll a and c, carotene, xanthins Store starch Some are symbionts in marine animals Neurotoxins cause paralytic shellfish poisoning Dinoflagellata Figure 12.14
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Water molds Cellulose cell walls Multicellular Chemoheterotrophic Produce zoospores Decomposers and plant parasites Phytophthora infestans responsible for Irish potato blight P. cinnamomi infects Eucalyptus P. ramorum causes sudden oak death Oomycota Figure 12.15