Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Activities of Geospatial Information Authority of Japan in response to the Great East Japan Earthquake. Hiroaki TANAKA Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) Asia Geospatial Forum September 2013

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Earthquake: Epicenter: Off coast of Sanriku area Depth: 24km Magnitude: 9.0 Fault: Length 450km, Width 200km Tsunami: –Highest elevation reached: 43m –Inundated areas: 561 square km Disaster caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Outbreak (3/11) Management Crustal movement, Benchmark Set up Emergency HQs (0h) Set up Emergency HQs (0h) Dispatch of liaisons to operational offices (0.5h-) GNSS based movement analysis (3h) Aerial photo survey (1 day-) Aerial photo survey (1 day-) Base map provision (1h ～ ) Base map provision (1h ～ ) Base map for reconstruction Information Release through GSI web (2 nd day-) 1 Day 1 Wk1 Mon 3 Mon Provision of geo-spatial information (2 nd day-) GSI Response Summary Aerial photo, imagery Damage mapping Base map etc. Dispatch of liaisons to the affected areas (6-65 day) Disaster overview map Tsunami inundation mapping (3 rd day-) Revision of geodetic results (-10/31) 3 Day

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan What GSI does in response to large earthquakes Pre-disaster –A number of things need to be done to make us well prepared for disasters. Emergency response(>3 ～ 4days) –Timely geospatial description of what happened to assist the rescue operations Assist the disaster (>1 ～ 2months) –Assist for disaster assessment and victim's certificate by before-after photos and inundation maps Recovery Support(<2 months) –Revision of maps and control point coordinates to assist the recovery from disasters.

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan What GSI did at 3.11 Earthquake in Emergency response phase Provision of maps of affected areas –Immediately (< 1h) to designated Government offices starting from small-scale maps (1:500k). Detection and analysis of ground surface movement with GNSS control point network Air survey (Aerial photos + Ortho images) –Photo interpretation and measurement of damaged areas.

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Provision of Maps (< 1 hour)

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Ground Surface Movement (+ 3 hours -) Horizontal Oshika: 5.3 m Tokyo: 0.2 m Vertical Oshika: 1.2 m GNSS based control stations observed large crustal movement

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Coverage No-fly zone by nuclear hazard Air photos (+ one day -) Take air photos of major damaged area in a few days

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Cooperation with relevant organizations GSI Public Corporation Company A Company B Company C Company D Prior Agreement Request ….. Emergency Contract Bypassing Bidding Process Products Delivered (Photos, Ortho images) Arrangement for Emergency Air Survey

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Photo Interpretation (+ 3 days -) Inundation Areas To delineate the inundation areas by Tsunami

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Photo Interpretation (+ 3 days -) Total inundation areas: 561 square km

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Assist disaster phase (>1 ～ 2months) Issue of victim's certificate: investigation of building damage certification to citizens These investigations are usually carried out locally. At this disaster, it was difficult to enter disaster site. Comparing old with new photo, it can check on situation of damage.

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Recovery Phase (+ 1-2 months -) Resurvey for new coordinates of geodetic control points –Resurvey of selected control points –Calculation of transformation parameters –Revision of coordinates of control point network origins (horizontal & vertical) New mapping of damaged areas –1:2,500 scale mapping for reconstruction planning

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Revision of survey data 14 Provision of survey data was discontinued (Mar. 14) GPS & VLBI observations & analyses. New survey data were opened (May. 31) GNSS-based control stations Triangulation stations Provided Correction parameters and revise calculation software (Oct. 31) 43,000Non-observed triangulation stations GNSS-based control station ｃ (1) (2) (3) (1) GNSS observation at the selected stations (2) Each corner of 1km grid is given correction parameters (3) The correction vector of the station is interpolated ： Grid point having parameters ： Interpolated correction vector ： Correction vector at the grid point ： Known displacement of the station 1900 Triangulation station

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Recovery Planning Map 1:2,500 base map in support of reconstruction planning

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan To whom? Local Government s Central Gov. People/Media Local Governments GSI regional office Gov. local office Web MLIT Office of Prime Minister Sit. Cen. Ministries Agencies Printed Maps Liaison Map Team Liaison Japan Self- Defense Forces. Printed Maps HDD GSI HQ. Printed Maps HDD Printed Maps HDD Briefing Maps Way of providing information to various agencies

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan The lesson for the Great East Japan Earthquake “What we can’t do normally can’t be done well in emergency response.” Good preparation makes us respond successfully to disasters. What makes us well prepared for disasters? Drill: systematic training by multiple repetitions

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Disaster reduction drills Drills train us well prepared for disasters and also help us identify processes/equipment that need improvement/repair. –Communications Response in 10 minutes to emergency messages to cell phone Teleconference in 30 minutes –GNSS based control station resiliency and redundancy of power supply and communications of the GNSS observation system –Air photos transfer to users (after plane landing) < 4 hours for 11 prefectures around Tokyo < 6 hours for the rest

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Summary Geospatial information products provided by GSI were well utilized and applied by various kinds of organizations GSI will continue its efforts to provide geospatial information products and share the experiences with the Asia-Pacific countries.

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan THANK YOU! Hiroaki TANAKA