9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 INAUGURAL DECADAL PLAN FOR SPACE SCIENCE: PROGRESS REPORT National Committee for Space Science* Prof Iver Cairns (Chair)University of Sydney Dr Charles Barton ANU Dr David Cole IPS Radio and Space Services Prof Peter Dyson La Trobe University Prof Brian Fraser University of Newcastle Dr Alex Held COSSA Prof Andrew Parfitt University of South Australia Prof Bob Vincent University of Adelaide Prof Malcolm Walter Macquarie University *

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 INAUGURAL DECADAL PLAN FOR SPACE SCIENCE: PROGRESS REPORT I.What is Space Science? II.Development of the Decadal Plan III.Global Science Themes IV.Sun and Space to Earth – Space Weather V.Summary Presentation of Plan – February 2007

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 I. What is Space Science? Science associated with solar system phenomena and objects. “Everything above the tropopause”.

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 I. What is Space Science? Space Science Includes: space physics solar physics atmospheric and other geosciences planetary science and astrobiology remote sensing of Earth from orbit Astronomy  extra-solar system.

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July (i). The Decadal Plan Development - Motivations Australian Academy of Science has ~ 20 National Committees : –Intended to foster an area/field of science –Link Australian and international scientists in the area. National Committee for Space Science (NCSS) embraces a wide range of scientific disciplines applied to the study of space and/or the use of space vehicles as platforms for scientific research instruments. This diversity is a strength in that it provides many opportunities for scientific research but Australia will benefit most from a focused approach that identifies key scientific programs that build on our current scientific expertise and are of national relevance.

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 “Space technologies are essential to resolve vital national interest issues which span … services used by industry, government & citizens …national security, water … mining,.. transport. ” “Currently we are operating in a high-risk environment. Even the temporary loss of many key, space-based services … would damage the nation.” Of top 26 nations by GDP only 2 have no space program: Australia (14) and Mexico (11) … In ASEAN Australia one of few without a space program. In this environment the Decadal Plan is an opportunity to provide a science plan that supports space technologies and is a component of an Australian Space Policy. 2(ii). National Significance “Space: A Priority for Australia” – Senator Grant Chapman & Space Policy Advisory Group [December 2005]

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 Present widely-agreed, visionary research themes and projects directed towards achieving the long-term scientific goals of the Australian space science community. Link this research and goals with the interests and requirements of Australian constituencies: the wider scientific community, Government, Industry, and public. Through postgraduate programs and related undergraduate programs provide specialist training in areas of National Interest 2 (iii). General Aims

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July (iv). Process Steering Committee: final responsibility for the development, writing, approval, and publication of the Decadal Plan. Working Group: researches a specific component of the Decadal Plan and then provides recommendations (e.g., priority research topics, ideas, and projects) and draft text for the Plan to the Steering Committee. Decadal Plan Steering Committee Science Working Groups Industry / Science Working Groups Government Working Group Demographics Working Group Public Outreach Working Group

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July (v). Science Organization Science Themes: Longterm Vision & Important Questions Science Projects & Facilities Links and Benefits to Government & Industry

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July (vi). Participants AuspaceAustralian Antarctic Division ANUBritish Aerospace Australia Bureau of MeteorologyCisco Systems COSSADSTO Geospace AustraliaGravitec IPS Radio and Space ServicesLa Trobe University Macquarie UniversityMars Society of Australia University of Adelaide University of Newcastle University of NSW University of Sydney University of South Australia University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Australia Vipac

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 (i)Sun and Space to Earth Understand the Sun and its connections to Earth, including space weather, the atmosphere, and effects on modern human society. The Sun and Heliosphere What causes coronal mass ejections (CMEs)? How can we accurately predict effects of CMEs on the terrestrial environment ? The Magnetosphere What are the mechanisms for energy transfer from the solar wind to the magnetosphere? How much solar winds energy is 'captured' by the magnetosphere? 3. Global Science Themes Sun Interplanetary Space Earth’s Magnetosphere

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 (i)Sun and Space to Earth Understand the Sun and its connections to Earth, including space weather, the atmosphere, and effects on modern human society. The Ionosphere What drivers couple different latitude, longitude and magnetically conjugate regions? What triggers the different drivers? Develop better models to aid prediction of impacts on tech- nologies such as GPS, JORN and communications 3. Global Science Themes Sun Interplanetary Space Earth’s Magnetosphere

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 (i)Sun and Space to Earth (ii)Observing Australia, Earth and Planets from Space Satellites provide excellent platforms to: study and monitor the atmosphere, oceans, vegetation, etc Monitor bushfires, etc 3. Global Science Themes

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 (i) Sun and Space to Earth (ii)Observing Australia, Earth and Planets from Space (iii)Plasma to Planets Understand the physics, chemistry, geology, and biology of natural space and astrophysical plasmas. (iv)Life and Technology in Space How did life evolve on Earth and perhaps elsewhere? 3. Global Science Themes

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 Theme 1. Sun and Space to Earth – Space Weather Sun Interplanetary Space Earth’s Magnetosphere

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 Region Australia ~1/8 World’s surface: Currently we have radars, optical/IR, GPS TEC & scintillation, magnetometers, digisondes, solar radio, and radio comms. A large region of geospace which it is essential for us to understand how it behaves, and to monitor. o o o o o o o o o o o

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 Some Current Australian Space Physics Instruments TIGER radar FedSat – only spacecraft Culgoora Antarctica

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 Halloween 2003 Storms [Yizengaw et al., 2005] FedSat GPS Tomography

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 Theme 1. Sun and Space to Earth – Space Weather Suggested New Resources: New larger more capable radars Satellite instruments – low orbit equatorial satellite? Virtual Theory/Modelling/Data Center

9 th Australian Space Development Conference, Canberra, 19 July 2006 Summary Where are we at? Four science themes have emerged Decadal Plan Working Groups final reports in preparation Next Stage: Finalise specific projects and prioritise them. Decadal Plan Finalised: February 2007 Decadal Plan Workshop Tomorrow at 3:30 PM