1 Co-production in Urban Planning Typical urban interventions in Brussels Capital Region

2 Research and Education Policy oriented research for Brussels Capital Region/ Federal Government Doctoral study about ‘Co-production in urban Planning’ (cases in Brussels) Lecturer for ‘Sociological Aspects of Urban Planning’ Juries, thesisses, projects,...

3 Topics Urban Governance: Professionalisation and inclusive policies Participation or co-production? Spatial development and social issues (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

4 Research about urban developments Static approach: indicators, structure plans, regulations, NIS-data, neighbourhood files, … Dynamic approach: Relations between actors, research of the ‘controlability’ of processes, … >>Analysis of Spaces / Policies / Social fabric (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

5 Perspectives Development of urban landscapes Use and policies for landscape planning the idea of the original and of innovation (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

6 Structure (0) Concepts / Brussels in General (1) Site of Regional Importance: Lever Zone European Quarter (Regional Development Plan Map 2) (2) Local interventions: Neighbourhood contracts (Regional Development Plan Map 3)

7 Zoom in on Brussels (1) (0) CONCPETS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL (1) Urban fringes and fractures Topography/ morphology Historic development Administrative delimitation CITY or REGION Brussels CAPITAL Fractures ‘grid’ research

8 Zoom in on Brussels (1) (0) CONCPETS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL Topography / Morphology Zenne Maalbeek Canal

9 Zoom in on Brussels (1) Historical: Pentagon/ first and second crown (0) CONCPETS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

10 Zoom in on Brussels (1) Administrative delimitation Brussels Capital Region 19 municipalities (no neighbourhoods) Statistical sectors Tension with morphological development Morbid grow of the ‘peripherical’ No boarder for economy and infrastructure Compact Region with high institutional density (0) CONCPETS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

11 Zoom in on Brussels (1) City of Brussels shifts in the 19th century location of lever zones relation city - region - federal state heritage (mayors and kings) economic activities (offices, administration, Heyzel, tourism) (0) CONCPETS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

12 Zoom in on Brussels (1) Brussels ‘CAPITAL’ European headquarters State capital NATO Brussels Capital Region (0) CONCPETS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL  Central functions for Flanders  Ministries from the Frenchspeaking community

13 Zoom in on Brussels (1) Urban Fractures Vaulting of the Zenne Leopold II: Roi Urbaniste ( ) North-South Junction ‘Manhattan’ European Quarter Brussels (0) CONCPETS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

14 Research Perspective: Grid analysis municipal boarders areas without identity points of recognition reinforcements toponymic definition topography tangential structures concentric structures infrastructure isochrones (to the centre) peripheral character vacant spaces (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL ‘grands ensembles’ pubs, cultural and religious centres industrial buildings green spaces ‘blue spots’: charming and attractive, good view ‘black spots’: problematic perception ‘magic spaces’ density, population properties PIETER UYTTENHOVE, Le grand Paris: De voorstad wordt stad, Stedenbouw als roeping, in: Archis 10/89

15 Zoom in on Brussels (2) Urban policies Planning tools on regional and municipal level Small-scale interventions Urban Arena actions, media and debate Urban Development on-site (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

16 Zoom in on Brussels (2) Planning tools today Regional Development Plan Regional Land Use Plan Municipal Development Plans Specific Land Use Plans 1962 National Planning Law 1991 Regional Planning Law Brussels (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

17 Zoom in on Brussels (2) Urban policies: Small-scale interventions URBAN, Interreg, Objective II, ‘Four cities’ Neighbourhood contracts Prior Action Programmes SIF-interventions (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

18 Zoom in on Brussels (2) Urban Arena: Political actors European institutions Federal state Region Municipalities elected or appointed (parliament, government and administration) (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL Brussels in general:

19 Zoom in on Brussels (2) Level of intervention: subsidiarity and multi-level governance Level of integration: comprehensive or project-oriented Temporal planning: preventive/ restrictive / curative Set of involved actors: political/ societal/ market private/ public Adaptability and level of detailing: visionary abstract or pragmatically specific (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

20 Zoom in on Brussels (2) Urban Arena: Societal actors According to the sector and field of activity: overarching, economic, environmental, political activism, research, etc. According to the spatial orientation: Supraregional or regional umbrella organisations, and Local associations According to the financing: own sources, public subsidies and funding, private investors (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

21 Zoom in on Brussels (2) Urban Development on-site Plan and realisation: unaccomplished modernism, the example of space syntax analysis Use of space: Lived functionality and shifts of population Actions and debate: diverse audiences (e.g. Plein Open Air, Citoyen et Participation, Studio Open City, Disturb, Conference Draps, etc.) >> obvious and hidden development, the unintended (and unexpected?) (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL

22 Conclusion Spatial Development (0) CONCEPTS/ BRUSSELS IN GENERAL Social development Urban policies