New targets and indicators: an overview of metadata and data preparation for the global monitoring Workshop on MDG Monitoring United Nations Statistics Division Kampala, 5-8 May 2008

Contents ● New targets and indicators ● Definition and rationale ● International agencies compiling the data ● National sources

New targets and indicators GOAL 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 1B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people 1.4 Growth rate of GDP per person employed 1.5 Employment-to-population ratio 1.6 Proportion of employed people living below $1 (PPP) per day 1.7 Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment

New targets and indicators GOAL 5: Improve maternal health Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.4 Adolescent birth rate 5.5 Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit and at least four visits) 5.6 Unmet need for family planning

New targets and indicators GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Target 6B: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it 6.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs

New targets and indicators GOAL 7: Ensure environmental sustainability Target 7B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss 7.4 Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits 7.5 Proportion of total water resources used 7.7 Proportion of species threatened with extinction

Target 1B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people 1.4 Growth rate of GDP per person employed  Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per person employed.  Represents labour productivity. i.e. the amount of output (GDP) per unit of input (person employed).  Computed as a ratio:  The numerator is the GDP,  The denominator is the number of persons employed.

Target 1B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people 1.5 Employment-to-population ratio  Proportion of a country’s working-age population that is employed.  Generally, computed as a ratio:  The numerator is the number of persons employed,  The denominator is the population.

Target 1B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people 1.6 Proportion of employed people living below $1 (PPP) per day  Gives a picture of the relationship between poverty and employment.  Generally, computed as a ratio:  The numerator is the number of employed people living below $1 (PPP) per day,  The denominator is the number of employed people.

Target 1B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people 1.7 Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment  Provides a measure of the share of vulnerable employment.  Generally, computed as a ratio:  The numerator is the sum of -number of own-account workers (self-employed workers without employees), -number of contributing family workers (who hold self-employment jobs in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household).  The denominator is the number of employed people.  Self-employment jobs are jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced.

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health National sources: Labour force surveys, other surveys, censuses, official estimates International agency compiling the data: International Labour Organization (ILO)

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.4 Adolescent birth rate (aka age-specific fertility rate 15-19)  Measures the annual number of births to women 15 to 19 years of age per 1000 women in that age group.  It represents the risk of childbearing among adolescent women 15 to 19 years of age.  Generally computed as a ratio, with:  The numerator is the number of live-births born to women 15 to 19 years of age,  The denominator is an estimate of exposure to childbearing by women years of age.

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.4 Adolescent birth rate National sources: Civil registration and Surveys International agency compiling the data: UN Population Division If civil registration covers 90 per cent or more of all live births

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.4 Adolescent birth rate National sources: Civil registration and Surveys  The numerator is the registered number of live-births born to women 15 to 19 years of age during a given year,  The denominator is the estimated or enumerated population of women 15 to 19 (estimate for the mid-point of the same year; census returns of the year to which the births referred are used; if neither of these are available, an estimate for some other point of time in the year is used)  Computed based on retrospective birth histories.  Both the numerator and denominator come from the same population  The numerator refers to births to women that were 15 to 19 years of age at the time of the birth during a reference period before the interview,  The denominator to person-years lived between the ages of 15 and 19 by the interviewed women during the same reference period.

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.5 Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit and at least four visits)  Percentage of women who used antenatal care provided by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy at least once (and at least four times) during pregnancy, as a percentage of live births in a given time period.  Attendance of antenatal care at least once or four times during pregnancy does not guarantee the receipt of interventions that are effective in improving maternal health. Attendance at least four times increases the likelihood of receiving effective maternal health interventions during antenatal visits.

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.5 Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit and at least four visits)  Generally computed as a ratio:  The numerator is the number of women who used antenatal care provided by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy at least once/four times,  The denominator is total number of live births in a given time period.

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.5 Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit and at least four visits) Main data sources: Special surveys, including DHS, MICS, Fertility and family surveys, Reproductive heath surveys, among others International agencies compiling the data: UNICEF and WHO

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.6 Unmet need for family planning  Proportion of fecund and sexually active women not using contraception who report not wanting any more children or wanting to delay the next child.  Generally computed as a ratio:  The numerator is the sum of:  number of women (married or in consensual union) who are pregnant or amenorrheic and whose pregnancies were unwanted or mistimed,  fecund women who desire to either stop childbearing or postpone their next birth for at least two years, or who are undecided about if or when to have another child, and who are not using a contraceptive method.  The denominator is the total number of women of reproductive age (15-49) who are married or in consensual union.

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.6 Unmet need for family planning Main data sources: Special surveys, including DHS, MICS, Fertility and family surveys, Reproductive heath surveys, among others International agencies compiling the data: UNFPA and UN Population Division

Target 6B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 6.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs  Percentage of adults and children with advanced HIV infection currently receiving antiretroviral therapy according to nationally approved treatment protocol among the estimated number of people with advanced HIV infection.  Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been shown to reduce mortality among those infected with HIV. This indicator assesses the progress in providing ART to all people with advanced HIV infection.

Target 6B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 6.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs  Generally computed as a ratio: –The numerator is the number of people on antiretroviral therapy. –The denominator is number of adults with advanced HIV infection, calculated by adding the number of adults that need to start antiretroviral therapy, the number of adults who are being treated in the previous year and have survived to the current year.

Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 6.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs Data for the numerator obtained from national programme reporting systems - aggregated from health facilities or other service delivery sites - or reports from drug supply management systems. External validation of country reported figures is carried out with data from pharmaceutical industry (if available). Data provided by Ministries of Health (National AIDS programmes, under the MoH). International agencies compiling the data: UNAIDS and WHO

Target 7B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss 7.4 Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits  Indirectly monitors over-fishing, which has contributed to endangering a number of maritime species.  Safe biological limits are the precautionary thresholds advocated by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.  The indicator is designed only for global and regional assessments. Individual country assessments are of little importance because fishing that affects the proportion of nation-specific fish stocks may be caused by other countries.  Data compiled by FAO.

Target 7B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss 7.5 Proportion of total water resources used  The total volume of groundwater and surface water withdrawn from their sources for human use (in the agricultural, domestic and industrial sectors), expressed as a percentage of the total volume of water available annually through the hydrological cycle (total actual renewable water resources).  Shows the degree to which total renewable water resources are being exploited to meet the country's water demand. It is a measure of a country's pressure on its water resources and therefore on the sustainability of its water use.  Data compiled by FAO through its AQUASTAT country surveys (about every 10 years).

Target 7B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss 7.7 Proportion of species threatened with extinction  It is a standard measure of the loss of biodiversity.  Data compiled by United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC).  Data source: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List which assigns categories of relative extinction risk, such as "vulnerable", "endangered" or "critically endangered“, to a broad range of species.

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