Basic Concepts Watersheds Quiz I-2 View this quiz as a slide show from “the beginning” During the slide show, you can right click on any slide and choose pointer options then pen or highlighter to write on any slide. But you will need to right click & choose pointer options then arrow before you can click on any of the navigation links again.

A _________________________ is the area of land from which runoff (from rain, snow, and springs) drains to a stream, river, lake, or other body of water. watershed Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question No hint I-2-1

Label this diagram Click for answerClick for word bank Headwaters Tributary Stream channel Watershed boundary Floodplain Click for Next Question I-2-2

The "tipmost" branches are the ___________________ streams. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question It’s the top “tipmost” part of your body too headwater I-2-3

Label the Stream Order in This Diagram Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question I-2-4

Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The ground water discharges to a stream is defined as its _________________________. At times when there is no surface runoff, the entire flow of a stream might actually be from this ground water. baseflow The bottom of a figure is sometimes called the ______. I-2-5

Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Some streams constantly lose water to the ground water. This occurs when the ___________________ is below the bottom of the stream channel. water table Can’t think of a hint – sorry. I-2-6

Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The interactions between the watershed, soils, and water cycle define the natural water flow or _________________ of any particular stream. hydrology Water powered electric plants are called ______ electric plants then add ology. I-2-7

Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Is developed land more or less impervious than natural land? more Sorry no hint I-2-8

Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Add percentages to the following diagram I-2-9

1._______________________________________________(Water is transported rapidly away via storm drains and is not allowed to stand in pools.) 2.______________________________________________(Natural vegetation is replaced by buildings, pavement, etc.) 3._______________________________________________(This can result in a lower water table and can affect baseflow.) 4.________________________________________________. (Streamflow becomes more intense during and immediately after storms.) Name four reasons why developed conditions typically change the fate of precipitation in the water cycle Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question 1.Less precipitation is evaporated back to the atmosphere. (Water is transported rapidly away via storm drains and is not allowed to stand in pools.) 2.Less precipitation is transpired back to the atmosphere from plants. (Natural vegetation is replaced by buildings, pavement, etc.) 3.Less precipitation percolates through the soil to become ground water. (This can result in a lower water table and can affect baseflow.) 4.More surface runoff is generated and transported to streams. (Streamflow becomes more intense during and immediately after storms.) I-2-10

Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Explain this diagram Streams losing and gaining water The position of the water table sometimes plays a role in determining the amount of stream flow No hint sorry I-2-11

Number 1 on this diagram. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The _________________________ includes the higher ground that captures runoff and drains to the stream. Adjacent watershed I-2-12

Number 2 on this diagram. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The ____________________is the low area of land that surrounds a stream and holds the overflow of water during a flood. floodplain I-2-13

Number 3 on this diagram. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The _______________is the area of natural vegetation extending outward from the edge of the stream bank. Riparian zone I-2-14

The ____________________ includes both an upper bank and a lower bank. The lower bank normally begins at the normal water line and runs to the bottom of the stream. The upper bank extends from the break in the normal slope of the surrounding land to the normal high water line. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Don’t overthink, simple answer stream bank I-2-15

Number 4 on this diagram. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The ____________________includes any overhanging vegetation that offers protection and shading for the stream and its aquatic inhabitants. Streamside cover I-2-16

Numbers 5 & 6 on this diagram. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question ________________________includes emergent, submergent, and floating plants. Stream vegetation I-2-17

Number 7 on this diagram. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The ____________________ of the streambed is the zone of the stream cross section that is usually submerged and totally aquatic. channel I-2-18

__________________________ are distinct habitats within the stream where the velocity of the water is reduced and the depth of the water is greater than that of most other stream areas. They usually have soft bottom sediments. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question You may like to swim in these. Pools I-2-19

_________________________ are shallow, turbulent, but swiftly flowing stretches of water that flow over partially or totally submerged rocks. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Reminds me of ruffles Riffles I-2-20

____________ or _____________ are sections of the stream with a relatively low velocity that flow gently and smoothly with little or no turbulence at the surface of the water. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question You do the 1 st in cross country & the 2 nd on skates glidesRuns I-2-21

Number 8 on this diagram. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question The _____________________ is the material that makes up the streambed, such as clay, cobbles, or boulders. substrate I-2-22

____________________ plants include plants with true stems, roots, and leaves with most of their vegetative parts above the water. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Bears _____ from hibernation in the spring. Emergent I-2-23

______________________ plants include plants with true stems, roots, and leaves that are completely immersed in water. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Don’t overthink. Submergent I-2-24

______________________ plants (e.g., duckweed, algae mats) are detached from any substrate and are therefore drifting in the water. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Don’t overthink, you may like to do this in a pool. Floating I-2-25

Name four ways the riparian zone contributes to a stream’s water quality: Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question Sorry no hints 1.buffer to pollutants entering a stream from runoff, 2.controls erosion, 3.provides stream habitat 4.Provides nutrient input into the stream. I-2-26

Point source Nonpoint source pollution Point source factories wastewater treatment plants illegal straight pipes from homes and boats Nonpoint source pollution agricultural runoff mine drainage construction site runoff runoff from city streets and parking lots. What two classes can pollution be broadly divided into according to its source. Give three examples of each type of pollution. Click for answerClick for hintClick for Next Question I-2-27

True or False: Nationally, the pollutants most often found in the stream environment are not toxic substances like lead, mercury, or oil and grease. Click for answerClick for hintLast Question Sorry no hints True I-2-28