EVOLUTION OF THE BIRTH RATE IN QUEBEC Immigration in the 20 th Century

Growth of Cultural Diversity

Canadian Expansion This Norwegian poster is typical of the posters employed in Canada’s aggressive campaign to attract European settlers to the West. Issued in the 1890s, it reads “Canada: 160 acres of free land for every settler.” National Archives of Canada (C ) This poster was reproduced in the magazine Canada West, circa 1900–1920. National Archives of Canada (C 30623)

Between 1901 and 1914, over 750,000 immigrants entered Canada from the United States. While many were returning Canadians, about one–third were newcomers of European extraction—Germans, Hungarians, Norwegians, Swedes, and Icelanders—who had originally settled in the American West.

Main Cultural Groups Jewish Immigrants Italian ImmigrantsGerman Immigrants

Consequences of WWI on Immigration Sudden decline after 1914 Complication of migration flows due to the war Political tensions  Racist and discriminatory immigration policies  Immigrants as threats and refusing  Internal security Rights restriction – such as right to vote  Germans, Australians, Turks, Bulgarians

Immigration Act 1919 – amendments to Act Assimilation potential Immigration question after the war – doc 138  Silent document analysis

Immigration Policy during WWII Canada closed the borders to Europeans seeking asylum  Such as Jews, who were victims of prosecution Maintained a restrictive immigration policy  Can be attributed to xenophobic and anti-Semitic attitudes Canadian Citizenship Act 1946  Canadians became citizens of Canada and no longer British subjects

Baby Boom and Natural Growth Post-WW2 was a time of prosperity and rise in number of births Diversification of population and changes in society Access to health facilities  Building more hospitals, schools etc.

Federal-Provincial Agreements How were Canadian immigration policies discriminatory? How was immigration different in Quebec than the rest of Canada? How does Bill 101 effect immigrants?

To come – Effects of Immigration on Aboriginal population. Homework: Page 87 Questions 1-6